| 循环水养殖模式下光照强度和光周期对日本鳗鲡生长及动物福利的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 王奎,李慷,刘利平.循环水养殖模式下光照强度和光周期对日本鳗鲡生长及动物福利的影响[J].上海海洋大学学报,2018,27(5):683-692. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王奎 李慷 刘利平 |
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| 作者单位： | 上海海洋大学水产种质资源发掘与利用教育部重点实验室;上海海洋大学上海市水产养殖工程技术研究中心 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国-东盟海上合作基金项目（DF）；欧洲Phillips集团项目（1197922016002662） |
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| 摘 要： | 以人工捕捞的野生日本鳗鲡(Anguilla japonica)玻璃鳗苗为对象,通过控制不同的光照强度和光周期,研究在可调控的循环水系统中,光照强度和光周期对日本鳗鲡生长的影响。实验采用双因素交叉分组无重复的试验设计,即将光照强度A(10 lx、100 lx、300 lx)和光照周期B(12L∶12D、18L∶6D、24L∶0D)按照A1B1,A1B2,A1B3,A2B1,A2B2,A2B3,A3B1,A3B2,A3B3进行分组,两两相互对照,比较其生长性能和动物福利指标的变化。结果表明,不同光照强度条件下:10 lx条件下日本鳗鲡的终重(36. 43±5. 19) g、日增重(0. 27±0. 4) g和特定生长率显著低于100 lx(44. 58±6. 50、0. 34±0. 06)和300 lx(46. 13±8. 20、0. 35±0. 07)(P 0. 05),而300 lx条件下日本鳗鲡的饲料转化效率、饲料系数显著优于10 lx、100 lx(P 0. 05); 10 lx条件下谷丙转氨酶活性显著高于100 lx(P 0. 05);皮质醇在12L∶12D、24L∶0D光周期下10 lx显著低于100 lx(P 0. 05),18L∶6D条件下相反;不同光周期下:24L∶0D终重(49. 62±6. 40)、日增重(0. 35±0. 07)和特定生长率(1. 81±0. 12)显著优于18L∶6D、12L∶12D(P 0. 05),24L∶0D、12L∶12D条件下谷草转氨酶活性显著低于18L∶6D(P 0. 05),24L∶0D条件下血清甘油三酯显著高于12L∶12D(P 0. 05)。10 lx和300 lx时12L∶12D组SOD活性显著低于18L∶6D(P 0. 05),而100 lx下相反,12L∶12D皮质醇活性显著低于24L∶0D(P 0. 05),且有极显著差异(P 0. 01)。实验结果显示,不同光照强度下,300 lx时日本鳗鲡生长指标达到最佳,各项生理指标处于正常状态,同时在光周期24L∶0D时,日本鳗鲡的生长指标达到最佳,但福利条件并不是最优状态。综合生长和动物福利,12L∶12D是日本鳗最佳光周期。即循环水养殖模式下日本鳗鲡生长的最佳光照强度和福利条件为300lx、12L∶12D。研究结果为促进鳗鲡产业的发展提供了参考依据。
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| 关 键 词： | 日本鳗鲡 光照强度 光照周期 血液生理生化 皮质醇 动物福利 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018/3/22 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2018/5/8 0:00:00 |
Effect of light intensity and photoperiod on Japanese eel growth and animal welfare in recirculating aquaculture system |
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| WANG Kui,LI Kang and LIU Liping.Effect of light intensity and photoperiod on Japanese eel growth and animal welfare in recirculating aquaculture system[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2018,27(5):683-692. |
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| Authors: | WANG Kui LI Kang and LIU Liping |
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| Institution: | Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;;Shanghai Engineering Research Center of aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;;Shanghai Engineering Research Center of aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China and Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;;Shanghai Engineering Research Center of aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China |
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| Abstract: | To explore the impact of light on the growth and animal welfare of Japanese eel(Anguilla japonica), the eel were cultured at different light intensity and light photoperiod in recirculating aquaculture system (RAS). This study was designed with the light intensity (10 lx, 100 lx, 300 lx) combining with the photoperiod (12L:12D, 18L:6D, 24L:0D) according to double-equation irrepetitive testing method. Growth indexes, routine blood physiochemical and cortisol levels were measured. The results showed that the final weight gain and daily gain of the 10 lx group were significantly lower than those of 100 lx and 300 lx (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the survival rates of all groups at different intensity. The specific growth rate of 10 lx group was significantly lower than that of the 300 lx group (P <0.05). While the growth efficiency and feed conversion ratio of 300 lx group was significantly better than those of 10 lx group and 100 lx group (P <0.05). The final weight gain and daily gain of the 12L:12D and 18L:6D groups were significantly lower than those of the 24L:0D group (P <0.05), while the specific growth rate of 18L:6D group was significantly lower than those of 12L:12D and 24L:0D groups (P <0.05). The activities of glutamic oxalacetic transaminase of the 24L:0D and 12L:12D groups were significantly lower than 18L:6D group (P <0.05), and the activities of glutamic-pyruvic transaminase of 10 lx group conditions were significantly higher than that of 100 lx group (P <0.05). Triglyceride of 24L:0D group was significantly higher than the 12L:12D group (P <0.05). The SOD activity of 18L:6D group was significantly higher than 12L:12D group at 10lx and 300 lx (P <0.05), while the opposite of those at 100 lx. Light intensity and photoperiod have a significant difference (P <0.05) for serum cortisol of Japanese eel, 12L:12D was significantly lower than 18L:6D and 24L:0D groups at 10 lx and 300 lx. While the 12L:12L and 18L:6D group was lower than 24L:0D at 100 lx (P <0.01). The 10 lx group was significantly lower than 100 lx group in 12L:12D and 24L:0D, while the opposite of those in 18L:6D. So in RAS, the best welfare conditions for the growth of Japanese eel were 300 lx and 12L:12D.These conditions could reduce the stress of fish, and promote the development of eel industry. |
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| Keywords: | Japanese eel(Anguilla japonica) light intensity photoperiod blood physiological and biochemical indexes cortisol animal welfare |
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