| 洋山港海域海水压载后细菌群落结构演变及多样性变化 |
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| 引用本文： | 吴惠仙,邵于豪,刘亮,沈辰,薛俊增.洋山港海域海水压载后细菌群落结构演变及多样性变化[J].上海海洋大学学报,2018,27(3):321-328. |
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| 作者姓名： | 吴惠仙 邵于豪 刘亮 沈辰 薛俊增 |
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| 作者单位： | 上海海洋大学海洋生态与环境学院;上海海洋大学港航生态安全研究中心 |
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| 基金项目： | 上海市科委科研计划项目（17DZ1202905）；上海市科委研发平台专项（16DZ2293800）；上海市自然基金（15ZR1420900）；海洋工程装备检测试验技术国家工程试验室建设项目[沪发改高技（2016）99号] |
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| 摘 要： | 研究压载环境下细菌群落结构以及多样性的变化特征,为科学评估压载水排放的生态风险评估提供科学依据。通过对压载水中细菌群落进行连续30 d压载,采用Illumina Miseq高通量测序技术分析鉴定细菌类群,探讨压载环境下细菌群落结构演变规律。测序共获得有效序列413 806条,总计1 334个OTUs。不同压载时间的多样性指数及丰度指数存在较大差异,OTU数量和多样性指数随压载时间而波动性上升,30 d时多样性最为丰富。细菌优势门分别为变形菌门和拟杆菌门,变形菌门中γ-变形菌优势尤为显著,且在压载中期(10 d)丰度迅速增加。黄杆菌是实验初始的优势分类单元,相对丰度比例表现出先增加后减少的变化趋势,第5天时上升至最高比例后逐渐下降。假替单胞菌比例在第10天急剧增加至50.16%,随后菌群优势减弱。UPGMA聚类分析表明,压载条件下各水龄阶段之间的细菌群落变化情况的差异性较对照舱具有更大的波动性。NMDS和PCo A分析进一步证明压载环境以及压载时间会对细菌群落结构造成一定程度的影响。
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| 关 键 词： | 细菌 压载水 压载时间 岸基实验 高通量测序 生物入侵 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018/1/23 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2018/4/24 0:00:00 |
Variation of bacterial structure and diversity in the water after loading from sea to the simulation ballast cabin at Shanghai Yangshan Port |
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| WU Huixian,SHAO Yuhao,LIU Liang,SHEN Chen and XUE Junzeng.Variation of bacterial structure and diversity in the water after loading from sea to the simulation ballast cabin at Shanghai Yangshan Port[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2018,27(3):321-328. |
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| Authors: | WU Huixian SHAO Yuhao LIU Liang SHEN Chen and XUE Junzeng |
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| Institution: | College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;Centre for Research on the Ecological Security of Ports and Shipping, Shanghai 201306, China,College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;Centre for Research on the Ecological Security of Ports and Shipping, Shanghai 201306, China,College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;Centre for Research on the Ecological Security of Ports and Shipping, Shanghai 201306, China,College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;Centre for Research on the Ecological Security of Ports and Shipping, Shanghai 201306, China and College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;Centre for Research on the Ecological Security of Ports and Shipping, Shanghai 201306, China |
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| Abstract: | The microorganisms surviving in ballast tank have to face very harsh conditions. After doing simulation experiment at land-based test facility for one month, high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes showed distinct differences between ballast water (test group) and natural water (control group), which indicated the mechanism that the bacterial communities might demonstrate temporal variations. A total of 413,806 high-quality sequences and 1,334 singleton operational taxonomic units were obtained. Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were the major phyla,but the richness of Proteobacteria in test group (mostly Gammaproteobacteria) was higher than that in control group. The concentrations of Acidobacteria and Chloroflexi gradually increased from day 15 in test group. At the family level, Flavobacteriaceae became the most abundant taxon on day 5, but gradually decreased thereafter in test group. And the abundance of Pseudoalteromonadaceae gradually increased and it became the dominant taxon from day 10 onwards. The UPGMA analysis showed a tighter clustering of the microbial composition of control group, indicating higher similarities in structure as compared to the test group samples which were more dispersed. PCoA and NMDS were also applied and the results showed that ballast tank environment impacted bacterial community structure.In this study, the richness and diversity peaked on the day 30 after ballasting, which was dissimilar to previous studies. An appreciable number of unclassified reads were noted at the genus level in test group samples during the later ballasting stage. More bacterial taxa were found in ballast water after long age post-ballasting than were present in natural seawater. This increase demonstrated that conditions inside ballast tanks could support the development of some taxa. It suggested that ballast tanks may act as incubators under special environments and further emphasized the risk of species invasion. |
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| Keywords: | microorganisms ballast water water age land-based experiment high-throughput sequencing species invasion |
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