| 不同留穗尖方式对阳光玫瑰葡萄品质的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 程大伟,祁帅,陈锦永,顾红,张威远,张洋,郭西智,李正阳.不同留穗尖方式对阳光玫瑰葡萄品质的影响[J].中国农业科技导报,2019,21(5):33-40. |
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| 作者姓名： | 程大伟 祁帅 陈锦永 顾红 张威远 张洋 郭西智 李正阳 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所, 果树生长发育与品质控制重点开放实验室, 郑州 450009 |
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| 基金项目： | 河南省科技攻关项目（172102110255）；河南省大宗水果产业体系项目（S2014-11）；郑州市水果（葡萄、草莓等）产业体系项目资助。 |
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| 摘 要： | 为了探索阳光玫瑰葡萄的最佳整穗方式,以阳光玫瑰常规花期留穗尖6 cm(CK)为对照,研究了在花前14 d留穗尖3 cm(A)、4 cm(B)、5 cm(C),花前7 d留穗尖4 cm(D)、6 cm(E)、8 cm(F),花期留穗尖4 cm(G)、6 cm(H)、8 cm(I)的不同时期、不同留穗尖方式对葡萄果实生长、品质及工作效率的影响。结果表明,不同时期、不同留穗长度的整穗方式在果实生长及品质等指标上均存在一定差异。花前7 d和花期整穗处理中,随着整穗长度的增加坐果数增加。随着整穗时期的延后,坐果数减少,果形指数逐渐变大,可溶性固形物含量和可滴定酸含量逐渐增高。花前7 d整穗处理的果皮颜色的"L"值(亮度)和"C"值(纯度)均最大,"CIRG"值(色泽指数)最小。不同处理无核率和空心率结果表现为花前14 d花前7 d花期。通过工作效率的计算可知,整穗时期越晚的处理,疏果用时越少,在生产实际中可达到省工高效的目的。最后,通过主成分分析综合评价筛选最佳的留穗方式,各处理的综合评价排名为DCHBGAFIECK,即在花前7 d留穗尖4 cm是阳光玫瑰葡萄省工、提质的理想整穗方式。上述结果为我国阳光玫瑰葡萄生产提供指导。
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| 关 键 词： | 阳光玫瑰葡萄 整穗 省工 品质 |
Study on Floral Cluster Pruning of ‘Shine Muscat’ Grape |
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| CHENG Dawei,QI Shuai,CHEN Jinyong,GU Hong,ZHANG Weiyuan,ZHANG Yang,GUO Xizhi,LI Zhengyang.Study on Floral Cluster Pruning of ‘Shine Muscat’ Grape[J].Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology,2019,21(5):33-40. |
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| Authors: | CHENG Dawei QI Shuai CHEN Jinyong GU Hong ZHANG Weiyuan ZHANG Yang GUO Xizhi LI Zhengyang |
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| Institution: | Key Laboratory for Fruit Tree Growth, Development and Quality Control; Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China |
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| Abstract: | In order to investigate the optimum pattern for spikelet pruning, this paper took spikelet tip length 6 cm of ‘Shine Muscat’ grape as the control (CK), and studied the effects of different pruning patterns at different flowering stages on grape fruit growth, quality and work efficiency, including 14 d before anthesis with spikelet tip length at 3 cm (A), 4 cm (B) and 5 cm (C); 7 d before anthesis with spikelet tip length at 4 cm (D), 6 cm (E) and 8 cm (F); spikelet tip length at 4 cm (G), 6 cm (H) and 8 cm (I) during flowering. The test results indicated that there were certain differences in fruit growth and quality by spike pruning methods at different periods with different spikelet tip lengths. Among spike pruning treatments 7 d before anthesis and during flowering, berry-setting percentage increased with the spikelet tip length increasing. And the berry-setting percentage gradually decreased, while berry shape index increased. The titratable acid content and soluble solid content also increased gradually with the delay of pruning time. The value of “L” and “C” were the best in 7 d before anthesis, whereas the value of “CIRG” was the lowest. The seedless rate and hollow rate of different treatments showed 14 d before anthesis >7 d before anthesis > flowering. By comparing work efficiency, treatment with late spiket pruning would use the less time on pruning. Thus, labor saving and high efficiency could be achieved in production. Using the comprehensive evaluation of principal compohent analysis, the ranking of each treatment was as following: D>C>H>B>G>A>F>I>E>CK. It meant that 7 d before anthesis with spikelet tip length at 4 cm was the optimum method for ‘Shine Muscat’ grape, according to the evaluation based on the result of principal components analysis. This study was of guiding significance for ‘Shine Muscat’ grape production in China. |
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| Keywords: | Shine Muscat grape spikelet pruning labor saving quality |
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