| 中国谷子科研单位育种创新效率评价与分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 李顺国,赵文庆,赵宇,刘猛,刘建军.中国谷子科研单位育种创新效率评价与分析[J].农学学报,2023,13(12):75-83. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李顺国 赵文庆 赵宇 刘猛 刘建军 |
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| 基金项目： | 河北省农林科学院基本科研业务费包干制项目资助“特色杂粮提质增效关键技术创新与示范”(HBNKY-BGZ-02); 财政部和农业农村部：国家现代农业产业技术体系资助“国家谷子高粱产业技术体系产业经济岗位”(CARS-06-14.5-A33); 河北省现代农业产业技术创新团队“河北省杂粮杂豆创新团队”(HBCT2023050202) |
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| 摘 要： | 种业是农业的“芯片”，近几年种业振兴行动均被写入中央一号文件，谷子种业与其他大作物种业不同，主要还是依靠科研单位的育种创新，因此谷子科研单位的育种创新效率对种业及产业发展具有重要意义。选择DEA模型，采用全国主要从事谷子育种创新的科研单调研数据，以投入产出角度为切入点，探讨中国谷子科研单位的育种创新效率，并进行测度。结果显示：中国科研单位的谷子育种创新效率平均为0.493，整体效率处于较低水平；育种创新产出存在不足，仍然具有较大增长潜力，少数单位存在投入浪费现象；23个科研单位中有12个单位的育种创新处于规模报酬递减阶段，科研单位育种创新研究水平低和主观能动性不足。最后提出几点建议：对单位内部科研人员、经费进行调整优化、多与其他作物高效育种创新单位进行学术交流。
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| 关 键 词： | 谷子 种业 创新效率 评价 |
| 收稿时间： | 2023-03-23 |
Evaluation and Analysis of Breeding Innovation Efficiency of Foxtail Millet Scientific Research Institutions in China |
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| LI Shunguo,ZHAO Wenqing,ZHAO Yu,LIU Meng,LIU Jianjun.Evaluation and Analysis of Breeding Innovation Efficiency of Foxtail Millet Scientific Research Institutions in China[J].Journal of Agriculture,2023,13(12):75-83. |
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| Authors: | LI Shunguo ZHAO Wenqing ZHAO Yu LIU Meng LIU Jianjun |
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| Abstract: | The seed industry is the "chip" of agriculture. In recent years, the "seed industry revitalization action" has been written into the "No. 1 central document". The foxtail millet seed industry is different from other major crop seed industries, mainly relying on the breeding innovation of scientific research institutions. Therefore, the breeding innovation efficiency of foxtail millet scientific research institutions is of great significance to the development of the seed industry. In this paper, DEA model was selected, and the research data of scientific research units mainly engaged in foxtail millet breeding innovation in China were used, and the efficiency of breeding innovation of foxtail millet scientific research institutions in China was discussed and measured from the perspective of input-output. The results showed that the average innovation efficiency of foxtail millet breeding in China's scientific research institutions was 0.493, and the overall efficiency was at a low level. The output of breeding innovation is insufficient, the output still had great growth potential, and a few units had waste of input; Among the 23 scientific research institutions, 12 were in the stage of diminishing returns to scale, and the research level of breeding innovation in scientific research institutions was low and the subjective initiative is insufficient. Finally, the improvement measures and suggestions were put forward. It was proposed to adjust and optimize the scientific research personnel and funds within the unit, and to carry out academic exchanges with other crop breeding units with high efficiency. |
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| Keywords: | foxtail millet seed industry innovation efficiency evaluation |
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