Establishing jujube trees in sub-Saharan Africa: response of introduced and local cultivars to rock phosphate and water supply in Burkina Faso, West Africa |
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| Authors: | S J Ouédraogo J Bayala C Dembélé A Kaboré B Kaya A Niang A N Somé |
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| Institution: | (1) Département Productions Forestières, INstitut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (IN.E.R.A), 03 BP 7047, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso;(2) West African Regional Office of ICRAF – World Agroforestry Center, P.O. Box 320, Bamako, Mali;(3) Institut Polytechnique de Bobo-Dioulassoc, Université de Bobo-Dioulasso, Bobo Dioulasso 01, 01 BP 1091, Burkina Faso |
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| Abstract: | In the Sahel zone, there is an increasing interest of farmers in conserving and enriching tree diversity on their farms as
a source of food and income. Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. is one of the tree species farmers maintain on their farms. Even though the local variety of Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. was ranked as one of the most preferred species, it produces small fruit whereas farmers are interested in varieties
producing bigger and tasty ones. A factorial experiment in a split split-plot design was carried out to assess the performance
of three introduced cultivars of Indian jujube in Burkina Faso. Investigated factors were irrigation (irrigated with 30 l plant−1 week−1, non-irrigated), rock phosphate containing 25% P2O5 (0 and 150 g P plant−1) and cultivar (Gola, Seb, Umran, and local variety as control). Eighteen months after planting, Umran responded positively
to irrigation and rock phosphate treatments by displaying the tallest height (313 cm) and the biggest collar diameter (6.4 cm).
Gola gave the largest crown diameter (316 cm) at 18 months and the highest fruit production at the first (15.3 kg tree−1) and second (71.6 kg tree−1) fruiting seasons in the irrigated and fertilized treatment. The local variety was less productive compared to the introduced
cultivars. In terms of income generation irrigated and fertilized Gola and irrigated Umran showed the highest potential after
two fruiting seasons with net revenues of F CFA 2,526,915 and F CFA 1,930,546 per hectare respectively. Therefore, Umran and
Gola may be recommended in intensive sub-Saharan peri-urban systems while Seb needs further investigation to improve its water
and nutrient use efficiency through either better timing of water and fertilizer application or symbiotic association with
arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. |
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| Keywords: | Cultivar Diversification Fertilization Irrigation Ziziphus mauritiana |
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