Tomato fruits as an alternative host for a laboratory strain of the olive fruit flyBactrocera oleae |
| |
| Authors: | E I Navrozidis M E Tzanakakis |
| |
| Institution: | (1) Laboratory of Applied Zoology and Parasitology, Aristotelian University of Thessaloniki, 54006 Thessaloniki, Greece;(2) Present address: Dept. of Crop Production, Technological Educational Institute, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece |
| |
| Abstract: | In nature, oviposition and larval growth of the olive fruit flyBactrocera oleae (Rossi) (Diptera: Tephritidae) occur only in the mesocarp of fruits of the genusOlea, including the cultivated olive. Here we report on its growth in tomatoes, in the laboratory, as affected by a number of
factors. Caged flies from a colony reared for more than 100 generations on an artificial diet, oviposited in intact fruits
of four tomato cultivars in an unheated greenhouse and in the open. In choice tests, at 25°C, 16L:8D and 65% r.h., medium
(5–6 cm diam) and large (>6 cm diam) fruits received more eggs than small (3–4 cm diam) fruits, but differences were not significant
in all cases. In all cultivars, more eggs were laid in greenhouse than in open-air tomatoes of three different degrees of
maturity, the differences being significant in most cases. The smaller the resistance of a cultivar’s epicarp to penetration
by flat ended 0.2 and 1 mm square probes, the greater the number of eggs a cultivar received. Green (unripe) fruits proved
unsuitable for larval growth. Half-ripe and fully ripe (red) fruits of cvs. ‘Isidro’, ‘204’, ‘Tobo’ and ‘Ace’ yielded pupae
of acceptable weight (mean 5.6 to 6.7 mg) with a high percentage of adult emergence, yet the yield was considerably lower
than that of olive fruit. Fully ripe greenhouse Isidro tomatoes yielded an average of 3.2 adults per fruit and 20.4% of the
eggs laid developed into adults, whereas the other categories and cultivars yielded less. The mean percentages of pupae over
eggs were higher in fully ripe Isidro and 204 fruits, than in half-ripe Tobo and Ace ones. The mean time from oviposition
to pupation ranged from 16.2 to 25 days, depending on the cultivar and degree of fruit maturity. In fully ripe Isidro and
204 fruits, the fewer the eggs laid per fruit, the higher the percent yield in pupae and the longer the time from oviposition
to pupation. Greenhouse fully ripe fruits of cv. 204 maintained under a low light intensity of 50 lux gave a much lower yield
in pupae and slower larval growth than under 1600 lux. The usefulness of tomatoes as substitutes of artificial diets in rearing
the fly is discussed.
http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting May 20, 2005. |
| |
| Keywords: | Tomato Bactrocera oleae Dacus oleae olive fruit fly rearing Tephritidae |
| 本文献已被 SpringerLink 等数据库收录！ |
|
