| 玉米酒精粕基木材胶黏剂的制备及其性能 |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘峥 寇芙嘉 段雨辰 王玮嘉 彭来 李建章 高强 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京林业大学材料科学与技术学院;书香门地（上海）美学家居股份有限公司 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家级大学生创新创业训练计划(G201910022052);国家自然科学基金(31722011);北京林业大学杰出青年人才培养项目(2019JQ03004)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 以玉米酒精粕(DDGS)为原料、聚酰胺环氧氯丙烷树脂(PAE)为交联剂、水溶性豆粕(SM)为增强剂制备玉米酒精粕基木材胶黏剂,对比了DDGS与SM蛋白质含量及其氨基酸种类与含量,测试了胶黏剂黏度与制备胶合板的胶合强度,表征了固化胶黏剂功能性基团、热稳定性、断面形态,解析了DDGS基胶黏剂组分对性能的影响规律与增强作用机制。结果表明:与SM相比较,DDGS中蛋白含量低46.3%,蛋白质亲水侧链氨基酸含量低22.0%,疏水侧链氨基酸高43.4%,DDGS蛋白溶解性和反应活性低于SM蛋白;当原料m(DDGS)∶m(SM)=3∶1时,胶黏剂制备胶合板耐水胶合强度为0.91 MPa,较DDGS胶黏剂提高727.3%,达到国家Ⅱ类胶合板标准要求,同时原料成本降低29.2%;相比SM胶黏剂,m(DDGS)∶m(SM)=1∶3时,胶黏剂制备胶合板耐水胶合强度提高7.5%,达1.43 MPa,其原因是SM的加入提高了胶黏剂交联密度;胶黏剂黏度降低了32.4%,更容易渗透到木材孔隙中形成机械结合力;DDGS中含有7%纤维,可以对胶黏剂产生物理增强作用,阻碍裂隙延伸,提高内聚力。因此,利用DDGS为原料可有效制备耐水木材胶黏剂并用于胶接人造板,有利于推动蛋白基木材胶黏剂的工业化应用。
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| 关 键 词： | 玉米酒精粕 生物质胶黏剂 交联改性 胶合强度 增强机制 |
Preparation and investigation of distillers?dried grains with solubles?based wood adhesive |
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| Authors: | LIU Zheng KOU Fujia DUAN Yuchen WANG Weijia PENG Lai LI Jianzhang GAO Qiang |
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| Institution: | (College of Material Science and Technology,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Arte Mundi(Shanghai)Aesthetic Home Furnishings Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201706,China) |
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| Abstract: | In recent years,bio-based wood adhesives have been widely investigated to replace formaldehyde-based wood adhesive due to their advantages of formaldehyde-free,abundant source and environmentally friendly. However,the high cost of the raw material limited the bio-based adhesives’ applications. In this study,the low cost DDGS( distillers dried grains with solubles) was used as the main raw material of adhesives,soybean meal powder( SM) was used as the reinforcing material,and polyamide epichlorohydrin resin( PAE) was used as the crosslinking agent to develop a DDGS-based adhesive. The amino acid and protein contents between DDGS and SM were compared,and the effects of the adhesive components on the viscosity,bonding performance,functional groups,thermal stability and cross section morphology were investigated. The effects of adhesive components on the adhesive properties and its enhancement mechanism were analyzed. The results are presented as follows: Compared with SM,the protein content in DDGS decreased by 46.3%,the hydrophilic side chain amino acid content decreased by 22.0%,and the hydrophobic side chain amino acid content increased by 43.4%,indicating that the solubility and reactivity of DDGS protein were lower than those of soybean meal protein. When the raw material of m( DDGS) ∶ m( SM) = 3 ∶ 1,the water shear strength of resultant plywood was 0.91 MPa after adding PAE,achieving 727.3% higher than DDGS,which met the requirements for type Ⅱ plywood according to the Chinese Standard of GB/T 17657-2013 and the cost of raw materials was reduced by 29.2%. Compared with SM adhesives,when the raw material of m( DDGS) ∶m( SM) = 1 ∶3,the water shear strength of the resultant plywood was improved by 7.5%( 1.43 MPa) and the viscosity was reduced by32.4%. The reasons for this enhancement are as follows: the addition of SM enhanced the crosslinking density of adhesive. The low viscosity of the resultant adhesive made it easy to penetrate into the wood pores to form mechanical interlock;DDGS contained 7% fiber,which can enhance the physical strength of the adhesive,hinder the crack extension and improve the cohesion. Therefore,using DDGS as a raw material can effectively prepare water-resistant wood adhesives,which can be used to fabricate wood-based panel,being conducive to promoting the industrial application of protein-based wood adhesives. |
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| Keywords: | distillers dried grains with soluble(DDGS) bio?based adhesive crosslinking modification bond strength reinforcement mechanism |
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