A review of habitat thresholds for dead wood: a baseline for management recommendations in European forests |
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| Authors: | Jörg Müller Rita Bütler |
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| Institution: | 1.National Park Bavarian Forest,Grafenau,Germany;2.WSL Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research,Lausanne,Switzerland;3.Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Laboratory of Ecological Systems, ECOS,Lausanne,Switzerland |
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| Abstract: | In contemporary forest management, also of commercial forests, threshold values are widely used for consideration of biodiversity
conservation. Here, we present various aspects of dead-wood threshold values. We review published and unpublished dead-wood
threshold data from European lowland beech–oak, mixed-montane, and boreo-alpine spruce–pine forests separately to provide
managers of European forests with a baseline for management decisions for their specific forest type. Our review of dead-wood
threshold data from European forests revealed 36 critical values with ranges of 10–80 m3 ha−1 for boreal and lowland forests and 10–150 m3 ha−1 for mixed-montane forests, with peak values at 20–30 m3 ha−1 for boreal coniferous forests, 30–40 m3 ha−1 for mixed-montane forests, and 30–50 m3 ha−1 for lowland oak–beech forests. We then expand the focus of dead-wood threshold analyses to community composition. We exemplify
the two major statistical methods applied in ecological threshold analysis to stimulate forest researchers to analyze more
of their own data with a focus on thresholds. Finally, we discuss further directions of dead-wood threshold analysis. We anticipate
that further investigations of threshold values will provide a more comprehensive picture of critical ranges for dead wood,
which is urgently needed for an ecological and sustainable forestry. |
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