| 金鼓鱼幼鱼对脂肪的适宜需要量 |
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| 引用本文： | 游翠红,林思源,王树启,李远友.金鼓鱼幼鱼对脂肪的适宜需要量[J].华中农业大学学报,2016,35(5):90-96. |
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| 作者姓名： | 游翠红 林思源 王树启 李远友 |
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| 作者单位： | 汕头大学海洋生物研究所/广东省海洋生物技术重点实验室,汕头,515063 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（41276179；31110103913；31202012）； 广东省自然科学基金项目（S2011030005257） |
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| 摘 要： | 为确定金鼓鱼(Scatophagus argus)日粮中脂肪的适宜添加量,以鱼油为脂肪源,配制脂肪水平分别为3%、6%、9%、12%、15%的5种等氮的配合饲料(F1~F5),在海上网箱中对初始体质量为4.3g左右的幼鱼进行为期8周的养殖试验,测定其生长、免疫与抗氧化指标、内源性消化酶活性等。结果显示,增重率、特定生长率以饲料脂肪水平为9%的F3组最大,与饲料脂肪水平为12%和15%的两试验组间没有显著差异;蛋白质效率以饲料脂肪水平为12%的F4组最大,在F2~F5组间没有显著差异;饵料系数以饲料脂肪水平为9%的F3组最低,在F2~F5组间没有显著差异,其变化趋势与上述3个指标相反;肝体比随饲料脂肪水平的升高而不断上升,饲料脂肪水平为15%的F5组鱼的肝体比显著大于F1和F2组。饲料脂肪水平也显著影响金鼓鱼的粗脂肪、粗蛋白、灰分及水分含量。当饲料脂肪水平为9%时,金鼓鱼胃和肠道的脂肪酶活性较高,且肠道和肝脏的免疫与抗氧化指标较好。根据饲料脂肪含量与金鼓鱼的增重率、饵料系数分别作曲线回归分析,确定金鼓鱼饲料脂肪的适宜添加量为8.6%~11.0%。
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| 关 键 词： | 金鼓鱼 脂肪需求 生长性能 消化酶 免疫与抗氧化指标 |
| 收稿时间： | 2015/12/20 0:00:00 |
Optimal requirement of dietary lipid for juvenile butterfish,Scatophagus argus |
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| Abstract: | In order to determine the optimal requirement of dietary lipid for butterfish (Scatophagus argus),5 isonitrogenous diets containing 3%,6%,9%,12%,15% lipid levels (F1-F5) were prepared with fish oil as lipid source,to feed the butterfish juveniles (average body weight 4.3 g) for 8 weeks in the floating cages in the sea,and the growth performance,immunity and antioxidant indexes and endogenous digestive enzyme activities of the fish were determined.The results showed that both the weight gain rate (WGR) and specific growth rate (SGR) reached the maximum values in F3 group with 9% dietary lipid level but showed no significant difference with F4 and F5 groups.Moreover,the maximum value of the protein efficiency rate (PER) was observed in F4 group with 12% dietary lipid level,and there was no significant difference among the F2-F5 groups with 6%-15% dietary lipid levels.However,the feed conversion ratio (FCR) displayed an opposite tendency,with the minimum value was observed in F3 group with 9% dietary lipid level and no significant difference was observed among the F2-F5 groups.The hepatosomatic index (HSI) increased with the increment of the dietary lipid levels and was significantly higher in F5 group with 15% dietary lipid level than those in F1 and F2 groups.The dietary lipid levels also significantly affected the contents of crude lipid,protein,ash and moisture of fish body.When the dietary lipid level was 9%,the fish exhibited higher lipase activities in the stomach and intestine and better immunity and antioxidant indexes in the intestine and liver than the other groups.The regression analysis of dietary lipid levels with WGR or FCR was conducted separately by the curvilinear method and the results suggested that the optimal dietary lipid level is 8.6%-11.0% for juvenile butterfish. |
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| Keywords: | butterfish (Scatophagus argus) lipid requirement growth performance digestive enzymes immunity and antioxidant indexes |
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