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Adaptability of birch (Betula pendula Roth) and aspen (Populus tremula L.) genotypes to different soil moisture conditions |
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| Authors: | Boy JHM Possen Elina OksanenMatti Rousi Hanna RuhanenViivi Ahonen Arja TervahautaJaakko Heinonen Juha HeiskanenSirpa Kärenlampi Elina Vapaavuori |
| Institution: | a The Finnish Forest Research Institute, Punkaharju Research Unit, Finlandiantie 18, FI-58450 Punkaharju, Finland b The Finnish Forest Research Institute, Suonenjoki Research Unit, FI-77600 Suonenjoki, Finland c Department of Biology, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu campus, P.O. Box 111, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland d The Finnish Forest Research Institute, Vantaa Research Unit, FI-01301 Vantaa, Finland e Department of Biosciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio campus, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland f The Finnish Forest Research Institute, Joensuu Research Unit, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland |
| Abstract: | For northern Europe’s climate, models predict an increase in periods of drought and waterlogging. Knowledge of variation between genotypes of Betula pendula (birch) and Populus tremula (aspen) to drought and excess soil moisture are unavailable but relevant for future development of forest ecosystems. We studied variation between genotypes to soil moisture in birch and aspen with plant material representing naturally regenerated populations and showed differences in acclimation to soil moisture conditions. Genotypes showing most growth and biomass accumulation across treatments maintained most leaf area, high gas exchange and water-use efficiency and grew most root mass but had the lowest root length per unit root dry mass compared to other genotypes. This indicates that these genotypes are more efficient in harvesting water from the soil under adverse conditions. We also showed that birch and aspen employ different strategies to cope with soil moisture conditions, with aspen investing more in perennial parts, while birch efficiently maintains foliar processes. When the expression of some known drought responsive genes was measured, only ACC oxidase was induced by the drought treatment at the beginning of the experiment, while surprisingly LEA5, RD22 and ADH1 did not respond to drought, but were up-regulated in prolonged wet conditions indicating oxidative stress and hypoxia and that these genes are responding to multiple stress factors. We conclude that in plants micro-propagated from naturally regenerated birch and aspen populations, there is variation between genotypes in acclimation efficiency to soil moisture conditions. |
| Keywords: | Soil moisture European aspen Silver birch Population Variation |
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