The competitive ability of different chickpea (Cicer arietinum) genotypes against Polygonum aviculare under field conditions |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea;2. Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA;3. Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, Republic of Korea;4. Jeju International Marine Science Center for Research & Education, Korea Institute of Ocean Science &Technology (KIOST), Jeju, 63349, Republic of Korea;1. Aarhus University Centre for Circular Bioeconomy, Department of Agroecology, Blichers Allé 20, DK-8830, Tjele, Denmark;2. Danish Technological Institute, Agro Food Park 15, DK-8200, Aarhus N, Denmark;1. Bayer Pharma, Global Medical Affairs Andrology, Berlin, Germany;2. Gulf Medical University School of Medicine, Ajman, UAE;3. Emeritus, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;1. Division of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Umberto I Hospital, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy;2. Department of Economics and Social Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy;3. Andrology, Pathophysiology of Reproduction and Endocrine Diagnosis Unit, Policlinic Umberto I, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy;1. Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, JinJu, 527-27, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, JinJu, 527-27, Republic of Korea;3. Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, JinJu, 527-27, Republic of Korea |
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| Abstract: | Polygonum aviculare L. is a troublesome weed in chickpea cultivated in the Mediterranean environment of Central Italy. A 2-year field study was carried out to evaluate the competitive ability and the yield response of different chickpea genotypes against P. aviculare. Experimental treatments consisted in six chickpea genotypes (Alto Lazio, C1017, C133, C134, C6150 stable lines and cultivar Sultano) cultivated in weed-free conditions and with P. aviculare at four densities (4, 8, 16, 32 plants m?2). The competitive ability of chickpea against P. aviculare was assessed on the basis of (i) the relative biomass total (RBT); (ii) the competitive balance index (Cb), and (iii) the competitive index (CI). The chickpea seed yield in weed-free conditions ranged from 2.6 to 2.1 t ha?1 of DM and was higher in C6150 and Sultano. P. aviculare caused an average chickpea seed yield loss of 14, 46, 74 and 88% at the density of 4, 8, 16, 32 plants m?2 compared to the weed-free crop. The relationship between the P. aviculare density and the percentage of chickpea yield loss was described by the rectangular hyperbola model with the asymptote constrained to 100% maximum yield loss. The estimated coefficient I (yield loss per unit density as density approaches zero) was lower in C133, Sultano, and C1017. RBT was higher than 1 in all chickpea genotypes at 4 plants m?2 of P. aviculare, while at higher P. aviculare densities it was similar to 1 suggesting that there is no resource use complementarity between chickpea and the weed. Generally, at the density of 50 plants m?2 the chickpea crop was more competitive than P. aviculare at 4 plants m?2 (Cb > 0), equally competitive at 8 plants m?2 (Cb = 0), and less competitive at 16 and 32 plants m?2 (Cb < 0). No chickpea genotype achieved the objective of combining a high seed yield potential and a great competitive ability against P. aviculare. C6150 and Sultano had a high seed yield production in weed-free conditions, but they were poorly competitive against P. aviculare at intermediate and high weed infestation, while C1017 showed a satisfactory level of Cb and CI at all P. aviculare densities although its seed yield was the lowest in weed-free conditions. However, the results suggest that, from an agronomical point of view, P. aviculare plant density should be less than 4 plant m?2 in order to prevent severe chickpea seed yield loss in field conditions. |
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