| 不同氮肥利用效率水稻基因型剑叶光合特性 |
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| 引用本文： | 魏海燕,张洪程,马群,戴其根,霍中洋,许轲,张庆,黄丽芬.不同氮肥利用效率水稻基因型剑叶光合特性[J].作物学报,2009,35(12):2243-2251. |
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| 作者姓名： | 魏海燕 张洪程 马群 戴其根 霍中洋 许轲 张庆 黄丽芬 |
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| 作者单位： | 1扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室；2扬州大学农业部长江流域稻作技术创新中心，江苏扬州225009 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家"十一五"科技支撑计划重大项目，国家自然科学基金项目，江苏省高校自然科学基金项目，江苏省重点实验室项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 选用氮肥利用高效型和低效型具有代表性的12个粳稻品种，研究225 kg hm-2施氮条件下水稻剑叶光合特性的差异及其与氮肥利用效率、水稻结实性的相互关系。结果表明，齐穗后，氮高效基因型水稻的叶绿素含量、叶片含氮量、净光合速率、光合功能期和叶绿素荧光动力学参数中的最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、PS II的潜在活性(Fv/Fo)、实际光化学效率(ΦPSII)、光化学猝灭系数(qP)和非光化学猝灭系数(qN)均显著高于氮低效基因型。相关性分析表明，齐穗后不同时期，剑叶中叶绿素含量、叶片含氮量、净光合速率、剑叶的光合功能期和叶绿素荧光动力学参数值(Fv/Fm、Fv/Fo、ΦPSII、qP、qN)与水稻的氮肥利用效率、结实性均呈极显著的正相关。由此说明，与氮低效基因型相比，氮高效基因型水稻生育后期具有较好的光合特性，较长的光合功能期；同时，其PSII反应中心更加稳定，具有更大的光能转化为电化学能的潜力，非光化学猝灭对光合机构也有更好的保护作用。因而，其在促进植株光合物质积累，提高结实性的同时能通过地上部与地下部的调节反馈增强植株对氮肥的吸收利用。
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| 关 键 词： | 水稻 氮肥利用效率 光合生理性状 相关性 |
| 收稿时间： | 2009-05-08 |
Photosynthetic Characteristics of Flag Leaf in Rice Genotypes with Different Nitrogen Use Efficiencies |
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| WEI Hai-Yan,ZHANG Hong-Cheng,MA Qun,DAI Qi-Gen,HUO Zhong-Yang,XU Ke,ZHANG Qing,HUANG Li-Fen.Photosynthetic Characteristics of Flag Leaf in Rice Genotypes with Different Nitrogen Use Efficiencies[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2009,35(12):2243-2251. |
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| Authors: | WEI Hai-Yan ZHANG Hong-Cheng MA Qun DAI Qi-Gen HUO Zhong-Yang XU Ke ZHANG Qing HUANG Li-Fen |
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| Institution: | 1.Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology；2Innovation Center of Rice Cultivation Technology in Yangtze Valley,Ministry of Agriculture,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China |
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| Abstract: | Nitrogen (N) is yet the most important and largest input required in rice production although over use of N causes so many environment problems. N use efficiency is different in different rice genotypes. Therefore it is necessary to identify the physiological mechanism of N absorption and utilization in different rice genotypes. In this research, field experiment with 225 kg ha"1 N fertilizer application was carried out in 2006 on the farm of Yangzhou University, Jiangsu province, China. Twelve rice genotypes (six N-efficient and six N-inefficient) selected from one hundred and twenty rice cultivars grown in Yangzhou during 2004 and 2005 were adopted to investigate the photosynthetic characteristics of flag leaf in rice genotypes with different N use efficiencies. Relationships between photosynthetic physiological characteristics of flag leaf and N use efficiency as well as seed setting abilities were also analyzed. Results showed that, during the period of grain filling, the photosynthetic indexes of flag leaf including chlorophyll content, nitrogen content, net photosynthetic rate, the photosynthetic function duration, the maximum photochemical efficiency (F_v/F_m), the potential photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (F_v/F_o), the actual photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (Φ_(PSII)), the photochemical quenching coefficient (q_P) and the non-photochemical quenching coefficient (q_N) of N efficient genotypes were obviously higher than those of N inefficient genotypes. All photosynthetic indexes of flag leaf above positively correlated to N use efficiency and seed setting abilities. And it could be concluded that, for N efficient genotypes, they had better characteristics of photosynthesis and longer photosynthetic function duration. Meanwhile, the PS II of N efficient genotypes was steady which had larger potential to convert light energy into electrochemical energy, and the non-photochemical quenching could protect the photosynthetic apparatus further. Therefore, the accumulation of photosynthate and the seed setting abilities of N efficient genotypes were better than those of N inefficient genotypes. And the N absorption and utilization of N efficient genotypes were also enhanced through the feedback regulation of root and shoot. |
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| Keywords: | Rice N use efficiency Photosynthetic physiological characteristics Correlation |
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