| 园林绿化废弃物堆肥替代泥炭用于波斯菊的栽培 |
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| 引用本文： | 殷泽欣,张璐,白一帆.园林绿化废弃物堆肥替代泥炭用于波斯菊的栽培[J].浙江农林大学学报,2022,39(5):1045-1051. |
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| 作者姓名： | 殷泽欣 张璐 白一帆 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京林业大学 林学院，北京 100083 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金资助项目(32171751，31700537) |
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| 摘 要： | 目的 探究园林绿化废弃物堆肥替代泥炭用作波斯菊Cosmos bipinnata栽培基质的可行性，实现园林绿化废弃物的科学、经济、有效利用，减少花卉栽培中泥炭的使用量。 方法 将园林绿化废弃物堆肥和泥炭按不同体积比配制成5种栽培基质100%园林绿化废弃物堆肥(T100)、75%园林绿化废弃物堆肥+25%泥炭(T75)、50%园林绿化废弃物堆肥+50%泥炭(T50)、25%园林绿化废弃物堆肥+75%泥炭(T25)、100%泥炭(T0)]，T100和T0作为对照，用于波斯菊的栽培试验。通过比较不同种栽培基质的理化性质和波斯菊的生长指标，从中选择出园林绿化废弃物堆肥和泥炭最佳配比的栽培基质。 结果 添加园林绿化废弃物堆肥能够显著提高栽培基质中全氮、全磷、全钾、速效磷和速效钾质量分数(P＜0.05)，改善栽培基质容重、最大含水量、总孔隙度、通气孔隙和酸碱环境，其中添加比例为50% (T50)时，栽培基质理化性质表现最优。与对照(T0)相比，最优栽培基质(T50)栽培的波斯菊地上部鲜质量提高了390.4%，地上部干质量提高了322.2%，地下部鲜质量提高了145.6%，地下部干质量提高了93.1%，株高提高了137.4%，花朵数提高了109.0%，根长提高了95.7%。 结论 园林绿化废弃物堆肥可以部分替代泥炭用于波斯菊栽培，其中以50%园林绿化废弃物堆肥+50%泥炭构成的栽培基质对波斯菊生长最为有利。表5参25
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| 关 键 词： | 园林绿化废弃物堆肥 泥炭 波斯菊 栽培基质 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-12-28 |
Replacing peat with garden waste compost in Cosmos bipinnata cultivation |
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| YIN Zexin,ZHANG Lu,BAI Yifan.Replacing peat with garden waste compost in Cosmos bipinnata cultivation[J].Journal of Zhejiang A&F University,2022,39(5):1045-1051. |
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| Authors: | YIN Zexin ZHANG Lu BAI Yifan |
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| Institution: | College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China |
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| Abstract: | Objective This study aims to explore the feasibility of using green waste compost as the Cosmos bipinnata cultivation substrate instead of peat, so as to achieve the scientific, economic and effective utilization of green waste and reduce the use of peat in flower cultivation. Method Green waste compost and peat were prepared into 5 kinds of cultivation substrates according to different proportions 100% green waste compost (T100), 75% green waste compost+25% peat (T75), 50% green waste compost+50% peat (T50), 25% green waste compost+75% peat (T25), and 100% peat (T0)]. T100 and T0 were used as the control for the cultivation test of C. bipinnata. By comparing the physical and chemical properties of different cultivation substrates and the growth index of C. bipinnata, the cultivation substrate with the best proportion of garden waste compost and peat was selected. Result Adding green waste compost could significantly increase the contents of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, available phosphorus, and available potassium in the cultivation substrate(P＜0.05), and improve the bulk density, maximum water content, total porosity, aeration pores, and acid-base environment of the cultivation substrate. The physical and chemical properties of the cultivation substrate were the best when the addition ratio of green waste compost was 50%. Compared with the control (T0), the fresh weight of aboveground parts, the dry weight of aboveground parts, the fresh weight of underground parts, and the dry weight of underground parts in T50 culture increased by 390.4%, 322.2%, 145.6%, and 93.1%, respectively. The plant height, the flower number, and the root length of C. bipinnata increased by 137.4%, 109.0%, and 95.7% respectively. Conclusion Green waste compost can partially replace peat for C. bipinnata cultivation, and the cultivation substrate composed of 50% green waste compost + 50% peat is the most favorable for the growth of C. bipinnata, which can better replace peat as the cultivation substrate of C. bipinnata for garden greening. Ch, 5 tab. 25 ref.] |
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