| 冬青‘长叶阿尔塔’扦插生根及解剖学研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 朱晓宇,童婉婉,赵楚,田如男.冬青‘长叶阿尔塔’扦插生根及解剖学研究[J].浙江农林大学学报,2022,39(2):347-355. |
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| 作者姓名： | 朱晓宇 童婉婉 赵楚 田如男 |
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| 作者单位： | 南京林业大学 风景园林学院，江苏 南京210037 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家林业局引进国际先进林业科学技术项目(2012-4-33)；江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD) |
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| 摘 要： | 目的 探究植物生长调节剂种类、质量浓度、处理方法和基质类型对冬青‘长叶阿尔塔’Ilex × altaclerensis ‘Belgica Aurea’插穗生根能力的影响及其不定根的起源与形成过程，以期为冬青属Ilex植物扦插繁殖及引种驯化提供理论基础。 方法 以‘长叶阿尔塔’当年生半木质化枝条为插穗，采用3因素(植物生长调节剂种类和质量浓度、处理时间、基质类型)3水平正交试验设计。扦插后80 d，测定并分析不同处理下插穗的存活率、生根率、最长根长、根系效果指数。同时，使用萘乙酸(NAA)对插穗进行促根处理，观察插穗外部形态变化并定期取插穗基部制作石蜡切片，观察扦插前、后插穗的解剖学结构特征，利用扫描电镜和透射电镜技术对其愈伤组织进行形态学和细胞学观察。 结果 ①经1 000 mg·L?1 吲哚丁酸(IBA)溶液速蘸10 s，扦插于V(草炭)∶V(蛭石)∶V(珍珠岩)=4∶3∶3的插穗相关生根指标均处于较高水平，与其他处理均存在极显著差异(P＜0.01)，其中生根率相比其他处理提高了12.74%~48.83%。②插穗内不存在潜伏根原基，不定根由皮部产生，其生根类型为皮部诱导生根型，根原基起源于髓射线与维管形成层交叉处。③插穗茎段皮层与韧皮部之间存在1~2层环状厚壁组织，是导致插穗生根率低的原因。④愈伤组织中未发现根原基，其产生与不定根发生、发育彼此独立，同时生根并不是愈伤组织分化的最终结果。⑤插穗生根过程形成2类愈伤组织，其中胚性愈伤组织多为白色，排列紧密，表面细胞成团分布，大小近似，细胞核大核仁明显，细胞器丰富；非胚性愈伤组织多为深黄色，空泡化明显，表面细胞不饱满，大部分死亡破裂，内部几乎没有细胞器。 结论 初步筛选出了‘长叶阿尔塔’最佳扦插因素组合，从解剖学角度揭示了其扦插生根机制。图4表3参34
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| 关 键 词： | 冬青‘长叶阿尔塔’ 扦插 植物生长调节剂 不定根 愈伤组织 解剖学 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-04-12 |
Root formation and anatomical structure of Ilex × altaclerensis ‘Belgica Aurea’ stem cuttings |
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| ZHU Xiaoyu,TONG Wanwan,ZHAO Chu,TIAN Ru’nan.Root formation and anatomical structure of Ilex × altaclerensis ‘Belgica Aurea’ stem cuttings[J].Journal of Zhejiang A&F University,2022,39(2):347-355. |
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| Authors: | ZHU Xiaoyu TONG Wanwan ZHAO Chu TIAN Ru’nan |
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| Institution: | College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China |
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| Abstract: | Objective This study, with an investigation of the effects of type and concentration of plant growth regulators, soaking time and substrate type on the rootability and adventitious root development of Ilex × altaclerensis ‘Belgica Aurea’ cuttings, is aimed to provide a theoretical and practical basis for the softwood propagation, introduction and domestication of Ilex. Method With the semi-lignified stems of I. × altaclerensis ‘Belgica Aurea’, selected as the propagation materials, an orthogonal experimental design of three factors (type and concentration of plant growth regulators, soaking time, and type of substrate) of three levels was applied to research the plant softwood cutting propagation with an investigation of the survival rate, rooting rate, length of longest primary adventitious root and root effect index of the cuttings with various treatments after 80 days since cutting. In addition, NAA was used to promote the root formation of the cutting, with observations made of the external morphological changes of the cuttings. Besides, observations were made of the anatomical structure of the cuttings via the paraffin sections regularly produced with the base of the cuttings. Then, morphological and cytological observations were made of the callus with the scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope. Result (1) The cuttings soaked in 1 000 mg·L?1 IBA solution for 10 s had a best rootability with significant difference in related index from the other treatments (P＜0.01) with an increase of 12.74%?48.83% in the rooting rate. (2) There was no latent root primordia in the cuttings and anatomical observations showed that the plant was considered as bark inductive root formation type with the adventitious root primordia originating from the intersection of pith ray and vascular cambium. (3) The low rooting rate attributed to the 1 or 2 layers of annular sclerenchyma between the cortex and phloem. (4) No root primordia was observed in the callus, whose formation was independent of the adventitious root development, and rooting was not the final result of callus development. (5) There were two types callus types in the rooting process of the cuttings: embryonic callus and non-embryogenic callus. The former were white and closely arranged with the surface cells clustered and distributed in a smaller size, the nuclei being large and the organelles being abundant. The latter were dark yellow with obvious vacuolation and most of the surface cells were not plump or even dead without any organelles observed. Conclusion This study has initially screened out the best factor combination for I. × altaclerensis ‘Belgica Aurea’ cuttings, revealed its cutting rooting mechanism. Ch, 4 fig. 3 tab. 34 ref.] |
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