| 野外Lysimeter试验^14C同位素示踪研究土壤-小麦系统多环芳烃萘的环境归趋 |
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| 引用本文： | 杜文超,;孙媛媛,;曹璐,;朱建国,;季荣,;王晓蓉,;郭红岩.野外Lysimeter试验^14C同位素示踪研究土壤-小麦系统多环芳烃萘的环境归趋[J].农业环境保护,2009(8):1557-1561. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杜文超 ;孙媛媛 ;曹璐 ;朱建国 ;季荣 ;王晓蓉 ;郭红岩 |
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| 作者单位： | [1]污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室,南京大学环境学院,江苏南京210093; [2]污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室,南京大学水科学系,江苏南京210093; [3]土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,中国科学院南京土壤研究所,江苏南京210008 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然基金重点项目（20637030）;土壤中持久性有机有毒污染物的迁移转化规律及对地下水的影响资助项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 采用^14C同位素示踪技术和野外Lysimeter试验，进行了小麦种植条件下多环芳烃萘（naphthalene）的环境归趋的定量化研究。结果表明，气态损耗是土壤中外源萘含量减少的主要途径，其中矿化损失约占气态损耗的84．41％，作物的存在可显著促进萘的气态损耗，矿化速率和挥发速率可分别提高43．51％和190．32％，其原因可能与植物的根系分泌活动有关。经过一个小麦生长周期，土壤表层残留^14C占施入量的1．73％；对土壤柱样的分层分析和土壤渗滤放射性强度测定发现，萘存在明显的纵向迁移现象并可能影响地下水水质，渗滤损失约占施入总量的0．043％；收获期萘在小麦体内含量仅占外源施入量的0．003％，但小麦籽粒已明显检测到^14C的存在，浓度约为0．16mg·kg^-1，因此农田环境中多环芳烃残留对食品安全的影响也应引起重视。
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| 关 键 词： | 多环芳烃 同位素示踪 Lysimeter 土壤 环境归趋 |
Fate of ^14C-Labeled Naphthalene in Field Lysimeter with Growth of Wheat Plants |
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| Institution: | DU Wen-chao, SUN Yuan-yuan, CAO Lu, ZHU Jian-guo, JI Rong, WANG Xiao-rong, GUO Hong-yan (1.State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; 2.State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Department of Hydrosciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; 3.State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China) |
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| Abstract: | Outdoor lysimeter with wheat plant growth was used to investigate the environmental fate of ^14C-labeled naphthalene in soil. Results showed that gaseous loss was the main pathway to reduce the naphthalene in soil, and 84.4% of initially applied ^14C was evaporated from soil as ^14CO2. Wheat plants markedly enhanced the gaseous loss, by 43.5% and 190.3% for mineralization and volatilization loss, respectively. After a growth cycle of wheat, 1.7% of initial applied ^14C remained in the soil. Determination of the vertical distribution of the radioactivity showed that the highest content was located in the top 10 cm soil layer, followed by the 10-20 cm soil layer. In view of the detectable radioac- tivity found in the leachate, vertical migration of naphthalene could result in serious contamination of ground water. The wheat plants contained 0.003% of the initial ^14C, while the radioactivity detected in the wheat grains corresponded to 0.16 mg.kg^-1 of naphthalene contamination in the grains, indicating the adverse effect of polyaromatic hydrocarbons （ PAHs ） in soil on food safety. |
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| Keywords: | naphthalene ^14C-labeled Lysimeter soil environmental fate |
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