| 珠江三角洲低盐度虾池秋冬季浮游微藻群落结构特征的研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘孝竹,;李卓佳,;曹煜成,;文国樑,;李奕雯.珠江三角洲低盐度虾池秋冬季浮游微藻群落结构特征的研究[J].农业环境保护,2009(5):1010-1018. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘孝竹 ;李卓佳 ;曹煜成 ;文国樑 ;李奕雯 |
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| 作者单位： | [1]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,广东广州510300; [2]广东海洋大学,广东湛江524000 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家十一五科技支撑计划（20H06BAD03B0106/2006BAD09A11）;中央级公益性科研院所基本科研专项（2007ZD01）;农业部行业专项（nyhyzx07-042）;广东省重大科技兴渔项目（A200601A01）;珠海市科技计划（PC20061056） |
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| 摘 要： | 2007年9月—2008年1月,对广东省珠海市斗门区4口凡纳滨对虾低养殖池塘水体浮游微藻进行定期连续采样,分析了群落的结构特征。结果表明,共检出浮游微藻113种,其中绿藻55种,蓝藻21种,硅藻和裸藻各15种,隐藻和甲藻各3种,金藻1种。优势种有8种,主要为蓝藻门种类,有圆胞束球藻（Coelosphaerium naegelianum）、绿色颤藻（Oscillatoria chlorine）、假鱼腥藻（Pseudoanabaena sp.）、卷曲螺旋藻（Spirulina spirulinoides）、拟短形颤藻（Oscillatoria subbrevis）和粘连色球藻（Chroococcus cohaerens）,其次还有硅藻门的角毛藻（Chaetoceros sp.）和新月菱形藻（Nitzschia closteriu）。养殖早期浮游微藻个体数量介于7.9×105～6.2×107ind·L^-1之间,生物量0.05～2.9mg·L^-1,多样性指数平均为2.02～2.68;养殖中后期浮游微藻个体数量介于37.2×107～2.1×109ind·L^-1之间,生物量11.6～502.9mg·L^-1,多样性指数平均为2.39～3.36。浮游藻类的种类、个体数量、生物量及多样性指数均表现为养殖前期低后期高的变化规律。
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| 关 键 词： | 低盐度虾池 微藻 优势种 多样性 |
Study on the Characteristics of Planktonic Microalgae Community Structure of Low Salinity Shrimp Ponds During Autumn and Winter in Pearl River Delta |
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| Institution: | LIU Xiao-zhu,LI Zhuo-jia, CAO Yu-cheng,WEN Guo-liang,LI Yi-wen (1.South China Fisheries Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Guangzhou 510300, China; 2.Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524000, China) |
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| Abstract: | Investigations were conducted on the microalgae community in four shrimp （Litopenaeus vannamai ）culture ponds in Doumen, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, China from September 2007 to January 2008. The results showed that a total of 113 microalgae species were i- dentified during the period of investigation. Of these, 55 species were Chlorophyta, 21 were Cyanophyta, 15 each were Bacillariophyta and Euglenophyta, 3 each were Cryptophyta and Pyrrophyta and 1 was Chrysophyeeae. During the whole culture period, cyanobacteria was the main dominant group all through, including Coelosphaerium nae gelianum, Oscillatoria chlorine, Pseudoanabaena sp., Spirulina spirulinoides, Oscillatoria subbrevis and Chroococcus cohaerens. Other dominant species of Bacillariophyta included Chaetoceros sp. and Nitzschia closteriu. In initial phase of culture period, quantities of microalgae, biomass and diversity index averages fluctuated within the range of 7.9×105～6.2×107ind·L^-1, 0.05～2.9mg·L^-1 and 2.02-2.68, respectively. However, microalgae density, biomass and diversity index averages ranged from 37.2×107 to 2.1×10^9 ind·L^-1 11.6 mg·L^-1to 502.9 mg·L^-1, and 2.39 to 3.36 during the mid-phase and final phase, respectively. Microalgae density was generally low at the initial phase of the culture period and gradually increased through time. A similar pattern of development was noted for biomass and diversity index. In low salinity shrimp ponds, high microalgae density is likely event with the onset of eutrophication. It plays a dominant role in stabilizing pond water quality by absorbing ample of nutrients from feed addition and shrimp excretion. Highly diversity microalgae community are less likely to collapse and more steady than blooms dominated by one species, which provide advantage to shrimp growth. |
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| Keywords: | low salinity shrimp ponds microalgae dominant specie diversity |
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