Forest soil and litter as filtering media for suspended sediment |
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| Authors: | Yoichi Okura Hikaru Kitahara Toshiaki Sammori |
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| Institution: | (1) Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, 305 Ibaraki, Japan |
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| Abstract: | A series of two filtration experiments were conducted to evaluate the filtration function of forest soil experimentally. The
first experiment evaluated the differences between the filtration capabilities of the A0 horizon and A horizon, and the effect of overstory species on the filtration function of the A0 horizon. Undisturbed A0, A and A0+A horizons were collected for the filter mediums with cylindrical samplers. Leaves ofQuercus serrata, Quercus myrsinaeforia, Sasa senanensis Pinus densiflora, Chamaecyparis obtusa, andCryptomeria japonica were also packed in the samplers. Various suspended sediment concentration of water were sprayed at constant intensity on
the surface of samples. Filtering coefficients were not affected by SS concentration in all samples, and the order of filtering
coefficient was: A0 horizons>A0+A horizons>A horizons in undisturbed forest soil samples, andQuercus serrata>Sasa senanensis>Quercus myrsinaeforia>Pinus densiflora”Chamaecyparis obtusa>Cryptomeria, japonica in leaf samples. These results led to the conclusion that SS from managed forests can best be prevented by buffer zones where
a thick A0 horizon is maintained. The second experiment evaluated the effect of turbid water supply rate on the filtration capacity.
Undisturbed A horizons and four leaf types,Quercus serrata, Pinus densiflora, Chamaecyparis obtusa, andCryptomeria japonica were used as filter mediums. Filtering coefficients were inversely proportional to supply rate of turbid water in all samples. |
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| Keywords: | filtration experiment forest soil suspended sediment water quality |
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