| 华南地区番茄和茄子研究历史、现状与展望 |
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| 引用本文： | 黎振兴,李植良,孙保娟,李 涛,宫 超,衡 周.华南地区番茄和茄子研究历史、现状与展望[J].广东农业科学,2020,47(12):42-52. |
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| 作者姓名： | 黎振兴 李植良 孙保娟 李 涛 宫 超 衡 周 |
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| 作者单位： | 广东省农业科学院蔬菜研究所/ 广东省蔬菜新技术研究重点实验室，广东 广州 510640 |
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| 基金项目： | 广东省农业科学院科技创新战略专项资金（高水平农科院建设）-“十三五”学科团队建设项目（201630TD）；国家自然科学基金（31672161，31801875）；广东省科技计划项目（2020B020220001）；广东省农业科技创新及推广项目（2018KCZX06） |
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| 摘 要： | 华南地区是我国重要的北运蔬菜和粤港澳大湾区菜篮子基地，独特的热带亚热带气候地理条件形成了我国华南特色蔬菜育种和栽培区域。番茄和茄子是我国重要的蔬菜作物，由于华南地区高温、多雨、高湿的天气持续时间长，青枯病爆发等因素严重影响番茄和茄子产业的健康发展。因此，优质、耐热、抗病种质资源收集鉴评与创新，新品种选育与配套栽培技术研究，以及优质、高产、抗病相关的应用基础研究是华南地区番茄和茄子产业的重要研究课题。对60 多年来华南地区番茄和茄子研究的历史和现状、种质资源收集保存与创新利用、优质高产新品种培育、耐高温和抗青枯病等重要性状机理研究、新品种和新技术的产业化推广等方面进行概述，系统阐述了当前华南地区番茄和茄子育种和产业发展的现状，同时提出了华南地区番茄和茄子在种质创新和新品种选育、抗病抗逆和品质应用基础研究、新兴生物和农业技术研究与产业化应用等方面的发展方向，为我国华南地区番茄和茄子种业和产业发展提供参考。
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| 关 键 词： | 番茄 茄子 耐高温 抗青枯病 种质创新 品种选育 |
History, Present Situation and Prospect of Researches on Tomato and Eggplant in South China |
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| Abstract: | South China is an important production area for supplying vegetables for northern China and the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. Its unique tropical and subtropical climatic and geographical conditions have formed a special vegetable breeding and cultivation area in South China. Tomato and eggplant are important vegetable crops in China. Due to the long duration of hot, rainy, and humid weather in South China, the outbreak of bacterial wilt has seriously affected the healthy development of the tomato and eggplant industry. Therefore, the collection, evaluation and innovation of high-quality, heat-resistant, and disease-resistant germplasm resources, researches on new varieties breeding
and cultivation techniques, and applied basic researches related to high-quality, high-yield, and disease-resistant are important objective in the tomato and eggplant industry in South China. The researches on the history and current situation of tomato and eggplant, the collection, conservation and innovative utilization of germplasm resources of tomato and eggplant,the breeding of high-quality and high yield new varieties, and the mechanism of high temperature tolerance and bacterial wilt resistance, the industrialized promotion of new varieties and techniques in South China over the past 60 years were summarized, and the current situation of tomato and eggplant breeding and industrial development in South China were systematically elaborated. At the same time, further development strategies were proposed for germplasm innovation and new variety selection of tomato and eggplant, applied basic researches on disease and stress resistance and quality, researches and industrialized application of emerging biotechnology and agricultural technology. This would provide references for the development of seed industry and the whole industry of tomato and eggplant in South China. |
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| Keywords: | tomato eggplant high temperature resistance resistant to bacterial wilt germplasm innovation variety breeding |
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