| 中国林业政策从“经济优先”向“生态优先”变迁——基于多源流框架的分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 涂成悦,刘金龙.中国林业政策从“经济优先”向“生态优先”变迁——基于多源流框架的分析[J].世界林业研究,2020,33(5):1-6. |
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| 作者姓名： | 涂成悦 刘金龙 |
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| 作者单位： | 中共天津市委党校,天津300191;清华大学公共管理学院,北京100084;中国人民大学农业与农村发展学院,北京100872 |
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| 基金项目： | 天津市委党校青年马克思主义者培育项目委托课题“从被动执行转向主动创新：地方政府生态治理的行为转变与职能发挥”（19QMWT04）；国家自然科学基金面上项目“县级森林治理对森林破碎化的影响及实践机制”（7197030633）。 |
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| 摘 要： | 林业是我国国民经济和生态文明建设的重要组成部分。随着经济和社会的发展，中国的一系列林业政策发生了调整和变化，经历了从“经济优先”到“生态优先”的历史性转变。文中从政策过程的视角出发，运用多源流理论框架，分析中国林业政策从“经济优先”向“生态优先”转型发生的原因。分析结果表明:中国林业政策的转型是在问题源流、政治源流、政策源流三者共同影响下形成的；问题源流由全国性的生态危机和国有林区经济亏损所触发，政治源流是国家执政理念的转变所形成的，政策源流来自可持续发展理念所提供的政策目标以及地方政府的政策试验所提供的政策方案；政策源流中的政策试验是中国林业政策得以转型的特别动因。
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| 关 键 词： | 林业政策 政策变迁 生态优先 多源流框架 动因 中国 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019/11/13 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020/5/7 0:00:00 |
Changes of China's Forest Policy from "Economic Prioritization" to "Ecological Prioritization": Based on Multiple-streams Framework |
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| Tu Chengyue and Liu Jinlong.Changes of China's Forest Policy from "Economic Prioritization" to "Ecological Prioritization": Based on Multiple-streams Framework[J].World Forestry Research,2020,33(5):1-6. |
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| Authors: | Tu Chengyue and Liu Jinlong |
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| Institution: | 1.Party School of CPC Tianjin Municipal Party Committee, Tianjin 300191, China2.School of Public Policy and Management, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China3.School of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China |
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| Abstract: | Forestry is an important part of the national economy and ecological civilization construction. With the social and economic development, China has seen the adjustment and changes of a series of forestry policies, which have experienced a historic transformation from "economic prioritization" to "ecological prioritization". From the perspective of policy process, this paper uses the multiple-streams framework to analyze the reasons for the transformation. It is concluded that the transformation of China's forestry policy is the result of the combined influences of the problem stream, the politics stream, and the policy stream. The problem stream is triggered by the national ecological crisis and the economic loss of the state-owned forest regions. The political stream is formed by the transformation of the national governance concept. The policy stream is driven by the policy objectives out of the theory of sustainable development and the policy solutions formulated based on the local government's policy experiment. Among them, the policy experiment in the policy stream is a special driver of the transformation of China's forestry policies. |
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