| 马铃薯种薯切块机分级装置的设计与试验 |
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| 引用本文： | 吕金庆,温信宇,李紫辉,李季成,刘中原.马铃薯种薯切块机分级装置的设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2020,36(20):76-83. |
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| 作者姓名： | 吕金庆 温信宇 李紫辉 李季成 刘中原 |
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| 作者单位： | 东北农业大学工程学院,哈尔滨 150030;黑龙江八一农垦大学工程学院,大庆 163319;东北农业大学工程学院,哈尔滨 150030 |
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| 基金项目： | National Key Research and Development Plan (2016YFD0701600, 2017YFD0700705); China Agriculture Research System Special Foundation (CARS-09-P23); Heilongjiang Province Potato Industry Technology Collaborative Innovation and Promotion System. |
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| 摘 要： | 针对传统马铃薯种薯切块机存在的切块均匀性差、不便于直接进行播种的问题，设计了一种安装在马铃薯种薯切块机上的分级装置。对分级装置的结构和工作原理进行了阐述，通过力学分析和运动分析确定了分级装置分级辊拨轮各部分的结构参数。选取分级辊组组数、分级辊组转速、上料量为试验因素，分级精度为试验指标进行正交试验，并用Design-Expert 8.0.6软件对试验结果进行分析，确定较优参数组合为分级辊组组数为7，分级辊组转速为110 r/min，上料量为40 t/h，并对较优参数组合进行了验证试验，验证试验结果表明在较优参数组合下的分级精度为98.7%，能够满足分级要求，本研究提供了一种用于马铃薯种薯切块机上的高效率、高分级精度的分级装置。
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| 关 键 词： | 设计 试验 马铃薯 切块机 分级装置 力学分析 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019/11/27 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020/10/9 0:00:00 |
Design and experiment of the grading device for a potato seed cutting machine |
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| Lyu Jinqing,Wen Xinyu,Li Zihui,Li Jicheng,Liu Zhongyuan.Design and experiment of the grading device for a potato seed cutting machine[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2020,36(20):76-83. |
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| Authors: | Lyu Jinqing Wen Xinyu Li Zihui Li Jicheng Liu Zhongyuan |
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| Institution: | 1.College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China;2. College of Engineering, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China |
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| Abstract: | Abstract: There is a large land area for potato s in China, the mechanized potato sowing operation is an important part of the entire potato mechanization process. At present, the cultivation mode of potato mechanized sowing is mainly based on cut potatoes, and the uniformity of potato tubers directly affect the quality of sowing. In most areas, manual cutting is still used, and the cutting efficiency is low. In some areas, potato cutting machines are used for potato cutting, which is more efficient, but the traditional potato seed cutting machine cannot get the uniform potato tubers when cutting potatoes, and cannot meet the requirements of mechanized seeding. It would affect the subsequent growth and development of potatoes and has a greater impact on the entire potato mechanization process. Aiming at solving the above-mentioned problem, a grading device that can installed on the potato seed cutting machine was designed. Firstly, the structure of the grading device was introduced, the grading device is mainly composed of grading roller, frame, side baffle, spacing adjustment mechanism, etc. And the working principle of the grading device was explained in the study, the potato seeds inputted in the grading device would be guided and graded with the rotation of the grading rollers, and the small potato seeds would fall from the grading gap of the adjacent grading rollers, while the large potato seeds would continue to move backward with the rotation of the grading rollers until leaving the grading device. Conveyor belts are arranged below and behind the grading device to receive the potatoes outputed by the grading device. Moreover, the cutting process of the potato seeds was explained, potato seeds weighing less than 100 g need to be cut once, and the potato seeds weighing more than 100 g need to be cut twice or more to meet the sowing requirements. The stress state of potato seeds on the grading rollers and the movement state on the grading rollers were analyzed, so as to determine the structural parameters of each part of the grading roller wheel of the grading device and the reasonable grading roller rotation velocity. The number of grading rollers, the rotation velocity of the grading roller, and the feeding amount were selected as the experimental factors, and the grading precision was selected as the evaluation index for the orthogonal test. Kexin 1 was selected as the experimental potato seeds. The software Design-Expert 8.0.6 was used to process and optimize the experimental data and determine the optimum parameter combination. The test results showed the primary and secondary order of influencing factors for the grading precision. The order was the number of grading rollers, the rotation velocity of the grading roller, the feeding amount. And the article performed a verification test on the optimum parameter combination obtained from the test. The verification test was conducted under the optimum parameter combination and the results showed that when the number of grading rollers was 7, the rotation velocity of the grading roller was 110 r·min-1, and the feeding amount was 40 t·h-1, the grading precision was 98.7%, which can meet the grading requirements. This research provides a high-efficiency and high-grading precision device for potato seed cutting machine. |
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| Keywords: | design experiment potato cutting machine grading device mechanical analysis |
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