| 水氮耦合对荒漠草原植物物种多样性及生物量的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 高海燕,红梅,霍利霞,刘鹏飞,常菲.水氮耦合对荒漠草原植物物种多样性及生物量的影响[J].草业科学,2018,35(1):36-45. |
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| 作者姓名： | 高海燕 红梅 霍利霞 刘鹏飞 常菲 |
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| 作者单位： | 内蒙古农业大学草原与资源环境学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特,010011;内蒙古农业大学草原与资源环境学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特010011;内蒙古自治区土壤质量与养分资源重点实验室,内蒙古 呼和浩特010011 |
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| 摘 要： | 为了研究大气氮沉降和降水变化对荒漠草原物种多样性及地上、地下生物量的影响,设置自然降雨(CK)、增雨30%(W)和减雨30%(R)3个水分处理及0(N0)、30(N30)、50(N50)和100 kg·(hm2·a)-1(N100)4个氮素(NH4NO3)水平(其中不包括大气氮沉降),进行水氮交互试验。结果表明,1)CK×N和R×N处理下荒漠草原物种多样性随着施氮量增加,整体呈现先上升后下降的趋势,N30水平达到最大,W×N处理下随着施氮量增加物种多样性显著降低(P0.05)。2)对比W×N0处理,CK×N0和R×N0处理地上生物量显著增加(P0.05)。水氮交互作用下,随着施氮量增加,CK×N和W×N处理有助于地上生物量显著增加(P0.05),R×N处理地上生物量有增加的趋势。水氮交互作用对一、二年生植物有显著影响(P0.05),地上生物量整体呈现(W×N)(CK×N)(R×N)。3)不同水氮交互作用下,地下生物量随土层增加逐渐减少,主要集中在0-30 cm土层,W×N处理可促进根系向深层土壤生长。在CK×N和R×N处理下,随着施氮量增加,荒漠草原物种地下生物量整体呈现先上升后下降的趋势,W×N处理随着施氮量增加地下总生物量显著增加(P0.05)。4)CK×N30和R×N30处理下,根冠比显著降低(P0.05)。以上结果说明,荒漠草原植物物种多样性及生物量与水分及养分有密切关系。
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| 关 键 词： | 氮沉降 增雨减雨 物种多样性 地上生物量 地下生物量 |
Effect of water and nitrogen interaction on plant species diversity and biomass in a desert grassland |
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| Gao Hai-yan,Hong Mei,Huo Li-xia,Liu Peng-fei,Chang Fei.Effect of water and nitrogen interaction on plant species diversity and biomass in a desert grassland[J].Pratacultural Science,2018,35(1):36-45. |
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| Authors: | Gao Hai-yan Hong Mei Huo Li-xia Liu Peng-fei Chang Fei |
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| Abstract: | To demonstrate the effects of atmospheric nitrogen deposition and precipitation on species diversity and biomass in desert grassland,we examined water and nitrogen interactions,using three levels of water treatment natural precipitation (CK),increased precipitation 30% (W)and reduced precipitation 30% (R)] and four nitrogen (NH4NO3)levels:0 (N0),30 (N30),50 (N50),and 100 (N100)kg?(hm2?a)—1(which does not include atmospheric nitrogen deposition).The following results were obtained:1)The species diversi-ty of desert grassland under CK×N and R×N treatments increased with an increase in nitrogen application rate,showing an initial increase trend and a subsequent decrease,with maximum diversity being attained with the N30treatment.Under the W×N treatment,the species diversity was significantly reduced (P<0.05)with an increase of nitrogen application rate.2)The aboveground biomass obtained with CK×N0and R×N0treat-ments was significantly increased (P<0.05)compared with the W×N0treatment.Under the water and nitro-gen interaction,the aboveground biomass of CK×N and W×N treatments was significantly increased (P<0.05)with an increase in nitrogen application rate.The water and nitrogen interaction had a significant effect on annual and biennial plants.The overall aboveground biomass trend was as follows:(W×N)> (CK×N)>(R×N).3)Under the water and nitrogen interactions,the underground biomass decreased gradually with the depth of soil,and was mainly concentrated in the 0—30 cm.The W×N treatment promoted root extension into deeper soil.The biomass of desert grassland under CK×N and R×N treatments showed an initial increase trend and then a subsequent decrease with an increase of nitrogen application rate,and the underground bio-mass obtained with the W×N treatment showed a significant increase (P<0.05).4)The treatments of CK× N30and R×N30significantly reduced the root/shoot ratio (P<0.05).Collectively,the results of this study showed that the plant species diversity and biomass in desert grassland are closely related to water and nutri-ents. |
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