| 辉河湿地不同草甸植被群落特征及其与土壤因子的关系 |
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| 引用本文： | 罗琰,苏德荣,纪宝明,吕世海,韩立亮,李兴福.辉河湿地不同草甸植被群落特征及其与土壤因子的关系[J].草业学报,2018,27(3):33-43. |
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| 作者姓名： | 罗琰 苏德荣 纪宝明 吕世海 韩立亮 李兴福 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京林业大学草地资源与生态研究中心,北京,100083;中国环境科学研究院,北京,100012 |
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| 基金项目： | 环保公益性行业科研专项项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 湿地土壤影响植物的种类、数量、生长发育、形态和分布,湿地植物又影响土壤中元素的分布与变化。以辉河国家级自然保护区核心区为研究区域,对湿地草甸、沼泽草甸、过渡草甸、成熟草甸和盐碱草甸进行植被群落调查,并且对不同草甸的土壤进行实验室分析,研究辉河湿地不同草甸优势植物群落特征和土壤元素分布特征及其相互关系。研究结果表明,辉河湿地不同草甸植被群落特征受土壤元素分布特征、水文情势和植物生长特性影响,植被Shannon-Wiener和Simpson指数均为成熟草甸最高,盐碱草甸最低; Pielou均匀度指数变化为:成熟草甸<盐碱草甸<湿地草甸<沼泽草甸<过渡草甸;其中,沼泽草甸地上和地下生物量最高,盐碱草甸最低。不同草甸植被对土壤养分的含量及变化具有一定影响,湿地草甸土壤因子对其植被的生长也具有重要的反馈作用。不同草甸植物群落下同种元素含量差异显著,过渡草甸对土壤碳、氮、磷的吸收和滞留能力最强。此外,植被群落Shannon-Wiener指数与土壤含水量呈显著正相关,与土壤速效磷呈极显著负相关;土壤有机质、全氮和铵态氮与植被高度均呈极显著正相关;植被盖度与土壤有机质和全氮呈显著正相关;土壤速效磷与植被地上、地下生物量均呈显著负相关,而土壤铵态氮与植被地上、地下生物量均呈极显著正相关;全磷对植被多样性、生长和生物量影响较小。植被群落特征与土壤因子的冗余分析(RDA)排序表明,辉河湿地不同草甸之间存在一定程度的演替,成熟草甸和湿地草甸可能为演替的初始阶段或者是末阶段,而过渡草甸为中间阶段,而且土壤养分受群落演替的影响显著。
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| 关 键 词： | 辉河湿地 草甸 植被群落 多样性指数 土壤性质 RDA分析 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017-04-11 |
| 修稿时间： | 2017-06-14 |
Vegetation community characteristics of different meadows and their relationship with soil factors in Huihe wetland |
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| LUO Yan,SU De-rong,JI Bao-ming,L Shi-hai,HAN Li-liang,LI Xing-fu.Vegetation community characteristics of different meadows and their relationship with soil factors in Huihe wetland[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2018,27(3):33-43. |
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| Authors: | LUO Yan SU De-rong JI Bao-ming L Shi-hai HAN Li-liang LI Xing-fu |
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| Institution: | 1.Grassland Resources and Ecology Research Center, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;
2.China Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; |
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| Abstract: | Wetland soils affect the quantity,growth,development,morphology and distribution of plant communities.Selecting the core area of Huihe National Nature Reserve as the study area,the vegetation communities of wetland meadow,swamp meadow,transition meadow,mature meadow and saline-alkali meadow were investigated.Soil samples from the different meadows were also analyzed.The study investigated characteristics of the dominant plant communities,the distribution of soil elements and the relationship between the two.Results showed that the meadows' vegetation characteristics were influenced by soil element distribution,hydrological regimes and plant growth characteristics.Changes in the Shannon-Wiener index and Simpson index showed a similar trend,with maximum values scored by mature meadow and minimum values by saline-alkali meadow.The Pielou index changes were:mature meadow＜saline-alkali meadow＜wetland meadow＜swamp meadow＜transition meadow.Swamp meadow had the highest aboveground and underground biomass,saline-alkali meadow the lowest.Meadow plants influenced soil nutrient content and change,while soil factors also had important feedback effects on vegetation growth.The results showed significant differences in soil elements across the different meadow plant communities.Transition meadows had the strongest capacity for absorbing and retaining soil carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus.There was a significant positive correlation between the Shannon-Wiener index and soil moisture content (MC),while there was a significant negative correlation with soil available phosphorus (AP).Soil organic matter (SOM),total nitrogen (TN) and available nitrogen (AN) were significantly positively correlated with vegetation height,soil SOM,TN and vegetation coverage.Vegetation aboveground and underground biomass were significantly negatively correlated with soil AP but positively correlated with AN.Soil total phosphorus (TP) had little effect on vegetation diversity,growth and biomass in this study.Redundancy analysis suggested that there was a certain degree of succession across the different meadows in Huihe wetland:mature meadow and wetland meadow might be the initial or final stage of the succession,and transitional meadow the middle stage.Soil nutrients were significantly affected by community succession. |
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