Epidemiology of Grey Mould in Annual Waiting-bed Production of Strawberry |
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| Authors: | Pedro Boff Pieter Kastelein Joop de Kraker Matthijs Gerlagh Jürgen Köhl |
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| Institution: | (1) Plant Research International B.V., P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands;(2) Biological Farming Systems, Wageningen University, Marijkeweg 22, 6709 PG Wageningen, The Netherlands;(3) Present address: Agricultural Research and Rural Extension Agency, Santa Catarina State (EPAGRI), P.O. Box 121, 88400-000 Ituporanga, Santa Catarina, Brasil;(4) Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 430, 6700 AK Wageningen, The Netherlands |
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| Abstract: | The epidemiology of Botrytis cinerea was studied in five annual strawberry crops using waiting-bed transplants, a system widely adopted in the Netherlands. On dead leaves of transplants the incidence of B. cinerea varied from 26.7% to 52.6%, but the leaf area with potential sporulation was low (3.5–15.6%). During each crop cycle, the availability of necrotic leaf substrate for spore production of B. cinerea was generally low and varied between seasons and with the quality of transplants. B. cinerea sporulated on a maximum of 15.5 cm2 of leaf area per plant, measured as potential sporulation. The aerial concentration of B. cinerea conidia in untreated plots did not differ from the concentration in plots where all dead leaves had been removed, nor from the concentration at 25–50 m distance from the strawberry plots. B. cinerea incidence on flowers ranged from 5% to 96%, but no correlation was found with the potential spore production on necrotic leaves. Grey mould at harvest varied from 1.4% to 11.3% and was correlated with the average precipitation during the harvesting period but not with B. cinerea incidence on flowers. Post-harvest grey mould ranged from 2.1% to 32.6% and was correlated with petal colonisation by B. cinerea. The results suggest that in the annual cropping system with waiting-bed transplants, necrotic leaves are not a significant source of B. cinerea inoculum, unlike in other strawberry production systems. Therefore, control measures of grey mould in this annual system should focus on protection of flowers and young developing fruits, and not on the reduction of inoculum production on leaf debris. |
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| Keywords: | Botrytis cinerea flower colonisation primary inoculum |
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