| 1960-2014年祁连山南坡及其附近地区降水时空变化特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 付建新,,曹广超,,李玲琴,,曹生奎,,唐仲霞,,杨晓敏,,蒋刚,,虞敏,,袁杰,,刁二龙,.1960-2014年祁连山南坡及其附近地区降水时空变化特征[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(4):152-161. |
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| 作者姓名： | 付建新 曹广超 李玲琴 曹生奎 唐仲霞 杨晓敏 蒋刚 虞敏 袁杰 刁二龙 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 青海师范大学 青海省自然地理与环境过程重点实验室, 西宁 810008;2. 青海师范大学 地理科学学院, 西宁 810008 |
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| 摘 要： | 祁连山区的生态是国家当前与今后重点保护的对象，该区域是“丝绸之路经济带”重要的水源涵养功能区，降水的多少直接影响生态环境的好坏，所以在新形势下，研究祁连山地区降水的变化具有重要的理论与现实意义。利用1960—2014年祁连山南坡及其附近19个气象站的降水日数与降水强度数据，使用线性趋势法、相关分析法、多项式趋势法、5年滑动平均、Mann-Kendall检验、滑动t检验、ArcGIS方法对其时间变化与空间分布进行了详细研究。多年降水日数与降水强度整体上表现为缓慢波动增长趋势，增长率分别为0.030 d/a与0.009 mm/a；除了冬季降水日数为增加趋势，其余季节均变化不大，夏季降水强度对全年贡献最大；20世纪90年代降水日数的变化趋势为负增长（-0.326 d/a），降水强度增长最大（0.381 mm/10 a），年代际变化波动较大。多年平均降水日数与降水量由于受东南季风与地形影响，整体上呈现出由东南向西北递减的趋势，南坡降水明显多于北坡的特点；降水日数与降水强度正负增长站点比例分别为:10∶9与17∶2；四季降水强度正增长所占比例比降水日数正增长所占比例大，除了秋季突变不明显，春、夏、冬均发生了突变；各站点年代际变化的空间分布存在差异。
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| 关 键 词： | 降水日数 降水强度 时空分布 祁连山 |
Analysis of Temporal and Spatial Variation Characteristics of Precipitation in the South Slope of Qilianshan Mountains and Its Nearby Regions During 1960-2014 |
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| FU Jianxin,,CAO Guangchao,,LI Lingqin,,CAO Shengkui,,TANG Zhongxia,,YANG Xiaomin,,JIANG Gang,,YU Min,,YUAN Jie,,DIAO Erlong.Analysis of Temporal and Spatial Variation Characteristics of Precipitation in the South Slope of Qilianshan Mountains and Its Nearby Regions During 1960-2014[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2018,25(4):152-161. |
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| Authors: | FU Jianxin CAO Guangchao LI Lingqin CAO Shengkui TANG Zhongxia YANG Xiaomin JIANG Gang YU Min YUAN Jie DIAO Erlong |
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| Institution: | 1. Key Laboratory of Qinghai Province Physical Geography and Environmental Process, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China;2. College of Geography Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China |
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| Abstract: | Qilianshan Mountain is a national ecological reserve at present and in the future, and is an important water conservation function area of ‘Silk Road Economic Belt’, the precipitation directly affects the quality of the ecological environment, so in the new situation, it has important theoretical and practical significance to study the precipitation change in Qilianshan Mountains area. Based on precipitation day and precipitation intensity data observed by 19 meteorological stations in the south slope of Qilianshan Mountains and its nearby regions from 1960 to 2014, the methods of linear regression, correlation analysis, polynomial trend, moving mean Mann-Kendall and moving test and ArcGIS were used to analyze the temporal variability and spatial distribution of air temperature. The results are as follows. The annual precipitation days and precipitation intensity showed a slow fluctuation growth trend, and the growth rates were 0.030 d/year and 0.009 mm/year, respectively; except for winter precipitation, the trend of diurnal variation was increasing, while the rest of the seasons had little change. The summer precipitation intensity had the great contribution to the annual precipitation; the variation trend of precipitation days in 1990s was negative growth (-0.326 d/year), and the trend of precipitation intensity was the biggest (0.381 mm/decade), and the interdecadal variation fluctuated greatly. The average number of days of precipitation and precipitation were influenced by southeast monsoon and terrain, showing an overall decreasing trend from southeast to northwest. The precipitation of the southern slope was more than precipitation of the north slope；ratios of the number of meteorological stations of precipitation days to precipitation intensity increase in both positive and negative is 10∶9 and 17∶2, respectively; the positive increase of precipitation intensity in the four seasons accounted for a larger proportion than the number of precipitation days, except that autumn precipitation mutation was not obvious, the mutation occurred in spring, summer and winter; and the spatial distribution of interdecadal variation of each site was different. |
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| Keywords: | precipitation day precipitation intensity spatial distribution Qilianshan Mountains |
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