| 减量灌溉下不同施氮量对南疆机采棉田干物质积累及产量影响 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 林涛,吴凤全,陈春帆,尔晨,陈利军,汤秋香.减量灌溉下不同施氮量对南疆机采棉田干物质积累及产量影响[J].新疆农业科学,2019,56(8):1408-1417. |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 林涛 吴凤全 陈春帆 尔晨 陈利军 汤秋香 |
| |
| 作者单位： | 1.新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091; 2. 新疆农业大学农学院,乌鲁木齐 830052 |
| |
| 基金项目： | 新疆维吾尔自治区科技支疆项目(2017E0251);新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2018D01A51);南京农业大学新疆农业大学联合基金(KYYJ201802);自治区农业科技推广与服务项目(2019年);新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发项目(2016B01001-2-1);国家重点研发项目(2017YFD0201903);农业部荒漠绿洲作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室开放课题(25107020-201602);新疆维吾尔自治区天山英才人才培养项目,新疆维吾尔自治区基层农牧骨干人才培养项目 |
| |
| 摘 要： | 【目的】研究新疆南疆机采棉地区在适宜的水氮供应下,棉花干物质动态积累、产量及水肥利用状况。【方法】在南疆阿克苏地区机采棉田,设置不同灌溉量(2 250 、3 450、4 650 m3/hm2)和施氮量(0、300、600 kg/hm2)2个因子,分析不同处理的棉花生长状况、干物质积累及水肥生产效率。【结果】增加施氮量有利于棉花开花结铃,在干物质积累及花后贡献率上,灌溉量和施氮量二者其中一个因素过高或者过低均会影响棉花干物质快速积累及花后干物质的贡献率,灌溉量3 450 m3/hm2和施氮量为300 kg/hm2时干物质积累速率的加快,花后干物质的贡献率较大,有利于干物质的快速积累;在棉花产量和水肥利用效率上,随着灌溉量增加籽棉产量也随着增加,当灌溉量由3 450增加到4 650 m3/hm2时,籽棉产量的增加幅度减小,在灌溉量3 450 m3/hm2下,随着施氮量的增加棉花产量呈现先升后降的趋势,当施氮量为N2时,棉花产量最大为7 153.08 kg/hm2。【结论】在不同灌溉量下,随着施氮量增加有利于棉花干物质积累、产量及水肥利用效率提高。但随着灌溉量增加施氮量的正效应将会减少。南疆机采棉田在3 450 m3/hm2灌溉量下,施肥量(纯N)为300 kg/hm2时,能够有效的提高棉花产量及水肥利用效率。
|
| 关 键 词： | 机采棉 灌溉量 施氮 干物质积累 氮肥生产效率 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-08-05 |
Effects of Different Nitrogen Application Rates on the Dry Matter Accumulation and Yield of the Machine-picked Cotton Field in Southern Xinjiang |
| |
| LIN Tao,WU Feng-quan,CHEN Chun-fan,ER Chen,CHEN Li-jun,TANG Qiu-xiang.Effects of Different Nitrogen Application Rates on the Dry Matter Accumulation and Yield of the Machine-picked Cotton Field in Southern Xinjiang[J].Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences,2019,56(8):1408-1417. |
| |
| Authors: | LIN Tao WU Feng-quan CHEN Chun-fan ER Chen CHEN Li-jun TANG Qiu-xiang |
| |
| Institution: | 1.Research Institute of Economical Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Uruqmi 830091, China; 2. College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University,Uruqmi 830052, China |
| |
| Abstract: | 【Objective】 To study the effects of dry matter accumulation, yield and water and fertilizer utilization on cotton under the suitable supply of water and nitrogen in machine-picked cotton area of southern Xinjiang. 【Method】 In this experiment, two factors: different irrigation quantities (2,250, 3,450 and 4,650 m3/hm2) and different N application rates (0, 300, 600 kg/hm2) were set in the machine-picked cotton field in Aksu area of southern Xinjiang to analyze the growth in different treatments, the accumulation of dry matter and the water and fertilizer production efficiency 【Result】The results showed that increasing N application rate promotes flowering boll of cotton, in that dry matter accumulation and post-flower contribution rate, both the irrigation amount and the nitrogen application rate, one of which was too high or too low, could affect the rapid accumulation of the dry matter of the cotton and the contribution rate of the dry matter after flowering. The rate of dry matter accumulation was accelerated at the amount 3,450 m3/hm2 and N application rate of 300 kg/hm2, which was conducive to the rapid dry matter accumulation; Cotton yield and water use efficiency also increased with the increase of irrigation amount, and when the irrigation quantity increased from 3,450 m3/hm2 to 4,650 m3/hm2, the increase of seed cotton yield reduced. When the irrigation quantity was 3,450 m3/hm2, with the increase of N application rate, the cotton yield would increase at first and then dropped later. When N application was N2, the maximum cotton yield was 7,153.08 kg/hm2. 【Conclusion】 In conclusion, cotton dry matter accumulation, yield and water use efficiency increased with the increase of N application rate under the different irrigation quantities, but the impact of N application rate would be reduced with the increase of irrigation water, therefore, the 3,450 m3/hm2 irrigation quantity, fertilization rate (pure N) for 300 kg/hm2 could effectively improve the cotton yield and water use efficiency in southern Xinjiang machine-picked cotton field. |
| |
| Keywords: | machine-picked cotton irrigation amount nitrogen accumulation of dry matter nitrogen fertilizer production efficiency |
| 本文献已被 CNKI 等数据库收录！ |
| 点击此处可从《新疆农业科学》浏览原始摘要信息 |
| 点击此处可从《新疆农业科学》下载免费的PDF全文 |
|
