| 国际虹鳟育种产业简介及其对我国的借鉴意义 |
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| 引用本文： | 户国,王炳谦.国际虹鳟育种产业简介及其对我国的借鉴意义[J].水产学杂志,2017(3):1-6. |
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| 作者姓名： | 户国 王炳谦 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所淡水鱼类育种国家地方联合工程实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨,150070 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(31502157)，中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(HSY201501) |
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| 摘 要： | 虹鳟Oncorhynchus mykiss原产于北美地区,为典型的冷水性鱼类,是世界性重要经济养殖鱼类之一和水产遗传育种领域的重要研究对象。虹鳟是最早采用数量遗传学理论指导遗传选育的水产动物之一,BLUP育种值估计和配合力分析等遗传评定方法以及家系选育、杂交和配套系育种等技术均在虹鳟育种实践中广泛应用。淡水鱼类养殖中,必须使用遗传选育的优良品种的行业共识,最早在虹鳟中确立。目前,在欧洲、北美以及智利等主要鲑鳟鱼养殖国家和地区,虹鳟良种覆盖率均已达到90%以上。鉴于虹鳟仍是我国养殖产量最高的鲑鳟鱼类,其育种工作在许多非原产国都取得了令人瞩目的成就,本文以全球化的视角,从虹鳟养殖与选育的历史概况、虹鳟种业的主要技术手段及产业格局、主要虹鳟育种机构的组织形式与类型特点等方面,简要介绍了国际虹鳟种业的发展及对我国虹鳟种业的借鉴意义。
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| 关 键 词： | 虹鳟 种业 历史 技术 市场 |
An Overview of Global Rainbow Trout Breeding Industry with Insight into Reference to China |
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| HU Guo,WANG Bing-qian.An Overview of Global Rainbow Trout Breeding Industry with Insight into Reference to China[J].Chinese Journal of Fisheries,2017(3):1-6. |
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| Authors: | HU Guo WANG Bing-qian |
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| Abstract: | Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) originated in North America,as a typical cold water fish,is a worldwide major economically important culture fish and an important research object for aquatic animal genetics and breeding.Rainbow trout is one of the earliest aquatic animals which uses quantitative genetics theory to guide selective breeding.BLUP breeding value estimation,combining ability analysis and other genetic evaluation methods,such as family based breeding,crossbreeding and supporting breeding technologies are widely used in rainbow trout breeding programs.It has been firstly established in the industry consensus that the eyed eggs for rainbow trout aquaculture that must be selective bred.At present,coverage of quality selective bred eggs have reached more than 90％ in Europe,North America,Chile and other major trout farming countries and regions.Rainbow trout is still the highest trout production in cold water fish culture in China,and its breeding in many non-original countries have made remarkable achievements.In this paper,the history of the global rainbow trout breeding,main technical and industrial pattern of the rainbow trout breeding industry,and organization and type characteristics of the international rainbow trout breeding are reviewed. |
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| Keywords: | rainbow trout breeding industry history technology market |
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