Age and activation of microbial communities in soils under burial mounds and in recent surface soils of steppe zone |
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| Authors: | T S Demkina T E Khomutova N N Kashirskaya E V Demkina I V Stretovich G I El-Registan V A Demkin |
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| Institution: | (1) Institute of Physicochemical and Biological Problems of Soil Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Institutskaya 2, Pushchino, Moscow oblast, 142290, Russia;(2) Vinogradskii Institute of Microbiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. 60-letiya Oktyabrya 7/2, Moscow, 117811, Russia |
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| Abstract: | Chestnut paleosols buried under steppe kurgans about 4800, 4000, and 2000 years ago and their background analogues were studied
in the dry steppe zone on the Volga-Don interfluve. Morphological, chemical, microbiological, biochemical, and radiocarbon
studies were performed. Paleoclimatic conditions in the region were reconstructed on the basis of paleosol data. The ages
of microbial fractions isolated from the buried and surface soils were determined using the method of 14C atomic mass-spectrometry. It reached 2100 years in the A1 horizon of the buried paleosol, which corresponded to the archaeological
age of the kurgan (1st century AD). The ages of microbial biomass isolated from the B2 horizons of the buried paleosol and
the background surface soil comprised 3680 ± 35 and 3300 ± 30 years, respectively. The obtained data confirmed our assumption
about preservation of microorganisms of the past epochs in the paleosols buried under archaeological monuments. It is ensured
by various mechanisms of adaptation of soil microbial communities to unfavorable environmental conditions (anabiosis, transformation
of bacteria into nanoforms, etc.). The possibility to stimulate germination of the ancient dormant microbial pool isolated
from the buried paleosols by 2–3 orders of magnitude with the use of β-indolyl-3-acetic acid as a signal substance was demonstrated. |
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