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The Concentrations and Sources of Fluoride in Atmospheric Depositions in Beijing,China |
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| Authors: | Feng Y W Ogura N Feng Z W Zhang F Z Shimizu H |
| Institution: | 2. Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Sai wai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan 4. Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China 1. National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan |
| Abstract: | This study was carried out from June 1995 to December 1998 to explore the current status of fluoride pollution, fluoride deposition, and sources of fluoride in Beijing. The mean fluorideconcentration of ambient aerosols in Beijing was 0.61 μg m-3, with a range of 0.08 to 1.61 μg m-3. The highest concentration (1.61 μg m-3) occurred in winterand was 20 times higher than in summer. This maximum concentration is to compare with annual volume-weighted averagefluoride concentration in Chongqing, Sichuan Province, an areaseriously polluted with fluoride. Fluoride pollution occurred inwinter in Beijing, because of the increased consumption of coal for heating, which resulted also in the highest dry deposition during winter and lowest in summer. The seasonal variations intotal fluoride were different from those of dry deposition. Thehighest total deposition was observed in summer, when 75% of theannual precipitation falls. Soil dust and coal combustion wereconsidered the main sources of fluoride in Beijing. |
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