| 种植密度对旱地玉米植株性状及耗水特性的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 张冬梅,张伟,陈琼,黄学芳,姜春霞,韩彦龙,刘恩科,池宝亮.种植密度对旱地玉米植株性状及耗水特性的影响[J].玉米科学,2014,22(4):102-108. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张冬梅 张伟 陈琼 黄学芳 姜春霞 韩彦龙 刘恩科 池宝亮 |
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| 作者单位： | 山西省农业科学院旱地农业研究中心, 太原 030006;山西省农业科学院旱地农业研究中心, 太原 030006;山西省农业科学院旱地农业研究中心, 太原 030006;山西省农业科学院旱地农业研究中心, 太原 030006;山西省农业科学院旱地农业研究中心, 太原 030006;山西省农业科学院旱地农业研究中心, 太原 030006;山西省农业科学院旱地农业研究中心, 太原 030006;山西省农业科学院旱地农业研究中心, 太原 030006 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家科技支撑计划（2011BAD09B01）、公益性行业（农业）科研专项（201003053）、山西省农业科学院重点项目（2012yzd05）、山西省农业科学院攻关项目（YGG1109） |
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| 摘 要： | 以紧凑型玉米品种先玉335为试材，在半干旱区研究种植密度对旱地玉米植株性状、产量性状、耗水量和水分利用效率的影响。结果表明，2010年（平水年）玉米拔节期株高在密度间没有差异，抽雄期株高随密度增加显著降低；2011年（丰水年）拔节期和抽雄期株高均随密度增加有明显增加趋势；穗位高随密度增加呈直线增加。平水年产量随密度增加先增加后显著减少，呈抛物线型，收获指数随密度增加呈明显直线下降趋势；丰水年产量随密度增加而增加，当密度增加至7.5万株/hm2时，产量不再显著增加，收获指数随密度增加变化不大。不同密度生育期总耗水量相差不大，平水年密度间总耗水量极差值为4.1 mm；丰水年总耗水量随密度增加呈增加趋势，极差值仅为17.8 mm，播种-拔节期耗水量随密度增加呈明显增加趋势，其变异系数在整个生育期中最大。平水年玉米水分利用效率随密度增加先增加后降低，当种植密度为7.5万株/hm2时达到最大值；丰水年适宜密度为7.5万株/hm2，其水分利用效率为26.7 kg/（hm2·mm）。
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| 关 键 词： | 旱地玉米 种植密度 植株性状 耗水量 水分利用效率 |
| 收稿时间： | 2013/5/19 0:00:00 |
Effects of Planting Density on Plant Traits and Water Consumption Characteristics of Dryland Maize |
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| ZHANG Dong-mei,ZHANG Wei,CHEN Qiong,HUANG Xue-fang,JIANG Chun-xi,HAN Yan-long,LIU En-ke and CHI Bao-liang.Effects of Planting Density on Plant Traits and Water Consumption Characteristics of Dryland Maize[J].Journal of Maize Sciences,2014,22(4):102-108. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Dong-mei ZHANG Wei CHEN Qiong HUANG Xue-fang JIANG Chun-xi HAN Yan-long LIU En-ke and CHI Bao-liang |
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| Institution: | Dryland Agriculture Research Center, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan 030006, China;Dryland Agriculture Research Center, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan 030006, China;Dryland Agriculture Research Center, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan 030006, China;Dryland Agriculture Research Center, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan 030006, China;Dryland Agriculture Research Center, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan 030006, China;Dryland Agriculture Research Center, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan 030006, China;Dryland Agriculture Research Center, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan 030006, China;Dryland Agriculture Research Center, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan 030006, China |
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| Abstract: | Used Xianyu 335 as the experimental material, a field experiment was conducted to evaluate the ef-fects of planting densities on plant traits, yield traits, water consumption and water use efficiency (WUE) of maize in semiarid areas. The results showed that with the increase of planting density, the plant height of maize was little dif-ferent at jointing stage and significantly decreased at heading stage in 2010 year(normal years). In 2011 year(wet year), the plant height of compact maize showed a rising tendency at jointing stage or heading stage, the ear leaf height showed the trend which was almost a straight line up. If suffering from the severe drought at heading stage in a normal year, the yield of maize was a parabola, rising first and then dropping. However, the harvest index de-creased in a straight line. During wet year with reasonable precipitation distribution, the yield rose up with the plant-ing density increasing. But when the density was up to 75,000 plants/ha, there was no observable increase in yield. Overall water consumption of dryland maize with different densities at the growth period has little difference. During the normal year, the range of overall water consumption with different densities; in the wet year, overall water con-sumption showed a rising tendency with the increase in density. the water consumption that maize produced between seeding and jointing stage showed a clear upward trend with the increasing density. In terms of WUE, the water use efficiency in dryland maize in a normal years went up firstly and then decreased with the increasing density. |
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| Keywords: | Planting density Dryland maize Plant trait Water consumption Water use efficiency(WUE) |
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