| 防治烟蓟马的生物源农药筛选及其对解毒酶活性影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 王爱玉,艾合买提·买买提,杨媛雪,李卓,薛超,段爱玲,赵鸣.防治烟蓟马的生物源农药筛选及其对解毒酶活性影响[J].棉花学报,2021,33(2):180-188. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王爱玉 艾合买提·买买提 杨媛雪 李卓 薛超 段爱玲 赵鸣 |
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| 作者单位： | 山东棉花研究中心;山东棉花研究中心试验站;新疆维吾尔自治区农药检定所 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0201906);山东省现代农业产业技术体系棉花产业创新团队(SDAIT-03-08)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】筛选防治烟蓟马(Thrips tabaci Lindeman)的高效生物源农药,探究其对烟蓟马3种主要解毒酶细胞色素P450单加氧酶(Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase,P450)、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(Glutathione S-transferase,GST)和羧酸酯酶(Carboxylesterase,CarE)活性的影响。【方法】以棉田采集并室内稳定饲养的烟蓟马为供试虫源,用浸叶法测定7种生物源农药对烟蓟马若虫的毒力,选择活性好的3种药剂开展田间药效试验,并在这3种生物源农药亚致死浓度(LC25)剂量处理后测定烟蓟马体内3种主要解毒酶活性。【结果】(1)7种生物源农药对烟蓟马的毒力从高到低依次为乙基多杀菌素、多杀霉素、苦参碱、印楝素、除虫菊素、鱼藤酮、藜芦碱。乙基多杀菌素、多杀霉素和苦参碱对烟蓟马的致死中浓度(LC50)分别为0.011 mg·L-1、0.274 mg·L-1、1.479 mg·L-1。(2)田间药效试验发现,每666.7 m2用2 g、4 g、6 g的60 g·L-1乙基多杀菌素悬浮剂和10 g的5%(质量分数,下同)多杀霉素悬浮剂处理,施药后7 d防治效果均在90%以上,优于1.3%苦参碱水剂和对照药剂30%噻虫嗪悬浮剂各剂量的防效。(3)LC25剂量处理烟蓟马48 h后,乙基多杀菌素处理的烟蓟马体内P450、GST和CarE活性升高,苦参碱和多杀霉素处理后CarE活性升高,噻虫嗪处理后P450和CarE活性升高。【结论】乙基多杀菌素、多杀霉素和苦参碱对烟蓟马的毒力较高,可用于防控棉田烟蓟马;CarE可能参与了烟蓟马对多杀霉素和苦参碱的解毒代谢,3种主要解毒酶可能均参与了烟蓟马对乙基多杀菌素的解毒代谢。
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| 关 键 词： | 烟蓟马 生物源农药 毒力 田间药效 解毒酶活性 |
Screening of biological pesticides for controlling Thrips tabaci and their effects on the activities of detoxification enzymes |
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| Wang Aiyu,Aihemaiti Maimaiti,Yang Yuanxue,Li Zhuo,Xue Chao,Duan Ailing,Zhao Ming.Screening of biological pesticides for controlling Thrips tabaci and their effects on the activities of detoxification enzymes[J].Cotton Science,2021,33(2):180-188. |
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| Authors: | Wang Aiyu Aihemaiti Maimaiti Yang Yuanxue Li Zhuo Xue Chao Duan Ailing Zhao Ming |
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| Institution: | 1. Shandong Cotton Research Center, Jinan 250100, China; 2. Experimental Station of Shandong Cotton Research Center, Linqing, Shandong 252600, China; 3. Institute of Pesticide Inspection of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830049, China |
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| Abstract: | Objective] This study aims to screen high-efficiency biogenic pesticides and explore their effects on three main detoxification enzymes cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and carboxylesterase (CarE) of Thrips tabaci. Method] The T. tabaci collected from the cotton field and kept in the laboratory was used as the tested insects, and the toxicities of the seven biogenic pesticides to the thrips were measured in laboratory by leaf dipping method. Meanwhile, three insecticides which showed excellent pesticidal activity were selected to conduct the filed efficacy trials. In addition, the activities of the three main detoxification enzymes in T. tabaci were assayed after treatment at the sublethal concentration (LC25) dose of the three insecticides. Result] (1) The order of toxicity of the seven biogenic pesticides from high to low was: spinetoram, spinosad, matrine, azadirachtin, pyrethrins, rotenone and veratrine. Spinetoram, spinosad and matrine had good insecticidal activity to T. tabaci, and the median lethal concentration (LC50) were 0.011 mg·L－1, 0.274 mg·L－1 and 1.479 mg·L－1, respectively. (2) Field efficacy test showed that the control effects reached more than 90% on the 7th day after treatment of 60 g·L－1 spinetoram suspension concentrate at 2 g, 4 g and 6 g per 666.7 m2 and 5% (Mass fraction) spinosad suspension concentrate at 10 g per 666.7 m2, which were better than the 30% thiamethoxam suspension concentrate and the 1.3% matrine aqueous solution. (3) With the LC25 dose treatment of spinetoram after 48 hours, the activities of P450, GST and CarE increased. But only the activities of CarE increased after treatment with matrine and spinosad, and the activities of P450 and CarE increased after treatment with thiamethoxam. Conclusion] Spinetoram, spinosad and matrine had high toxicity to T. tabaci, and can be used to control cotton T. tabaci. CarE may participate in the detoxification metabolism of T. tabaci to spinosad and matrine, and the three main detoxification enzymes may participate in the detoxification metabolism of T. tabaci to spinetoram. |
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| Keywords: | Thrips tabaci biogenic pesticide toxicity field efficacy detoxification enzyme activity |
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