| 麦秸配施纤维素降解细菌对果园土壤有机碳库及生化特性的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 郎冬梅,宫诚,朱紫檀,郝峰鸽,周瑞金,扈惠灵,张鹏.麦秸配施纤维素降解细菌对果园土壤有机碳库及生化特性的影响[J].土壤通报,2023,54(2):317-327. |
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| 作者姓名： | 郎冬梅 宫诚 朱紫檀 郝峰鸽 周瑞金 扈惠灵 张鹏 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.河南科技学院园艺园林学院，河南 新乡 453003 |
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| 基金项目： | 河南省重点研发与推广专项-科技攻关项目（202102110054/202102110051）资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的 研究果园土壤有机碳库及生化性质对小麦秸秆还田配施不同纤维素降解细菌的响应特点。 方法 以豫北碱性果园土壤为研究对象，采用室内培养法，以不添加麦秸及纤维素降解菌为对照（CK），研究仅添加麦秸（S）及麦秸分别配施尼氏芽孢杆菌（Bacillus nealsonii，S + B）、科恩氏菌（Cohnella，S + C）、灿烂类芽孢杆菌（Paenibacillus lautus，S + P）处理对土壤有机碳含量、酶活性、速效养分含量及盐碱性的影响。 结果 培养100 d内有机碳矿化速率呈现先升高后下降的趋势，且与一级动力学模型高度拟合。麦秸配施纤维素降解菌处理的土壤有机碳矿化速率、累计矿化量及潜在可矿化碳含量均高于S处理。S + B处理的土壤总有机碳、微生物量碳、水溶性有机碳和易氧化有机碳含量分别比S处理提高10.14%、35.53%、26.27%和24.34%。麦秸配施纤维素降解菌提高土壤碳库管理指数和土壤酶活性，其中S + B处理的纤维素酶、碱性磷酸酶及脱氢酶活性均显著高于S处理。与仅添加麦秸相比，麦秸配施纤维素降解菌显著增加土壤速效氮、磷、钾及可交换性镁含量，降低可交换钙含量和pH值。土壤速效氮、磷及微生物量碳是影响有机碳矿化的主要因素。 结论 麦秸配施纤维素降解菌显著提高土壤有机碳库活度及含量，改善土壤生化性质，以尼氏芽孢杆菌的促进作用相对较高。
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| 关 键 词： | 纤维素降解细菌 小麦秸秆 有机碳矿化 土壤酶活性 养分含量 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-03-30 |
Effects of the Combined Application of Wheat Straw and Cellulose Degrading Bacteria on Soil Organic Carbon Pool and Biochemical Properties in Orchards |
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| Institution: | 1.School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China2.Liaoning Institute of Saline-alkali Land Utilization, Panjin 124000, China |
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| Abstract: | Objectives The aims were to investigate the responses of orchard soil organic carbon (C) pool and biochemical properties to the combined application of wheat straw and different cellulose degrading bacteria strains. Methods The typical alkaline soil in the north of Henan Province were collected as the research object. The treatments included control (CK), wheat straw alone application (S), wheat straw applications with Bacillus nealsonii (S + B), Cohnella (S + C) and Paenibacillus lautus (S + P). The organic C contents, enzyme activities, available nutrients and salinity properties were analyzed using a laboratory experiment. Results The rates of organic C mineralization were increased firstly and then reduced during incubation 100 days, which fitted with the first order dynamics model. Wheat straw applications with the three kinds of cellulose degrading bacteria increased the rates of organic C mineralization, cumulative of C mineralization and potentially mineralized C contents, compared with S treatment. The contents of soil organic C, microbial biomass C, dissolved organic C and readily oxidized organic C were markedly increased in S + B treatment, which was 10.1%, 35.5%, 26.3% and 24.3% higher than that in S treatment, respectively. Wheat straw application with the cellulose degrading bacteria enhanced the C management index and the soil enzyme activities. The cellulase, alkaline phosphatase and dehydrogenase activities in S + B were markedly higher than S treatment. Compared with wheat straw alone, the wheat straw application with cellulose degrading bacteria increased the contents of available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and exchangeable Mg2 + , while reduced the pH value and exchangeable Ca2 + content. Soil available nitrogen, phosphorus and microbial biomass C were the major factors that regulated the mineralization of organic C. Conclusions Wheat straw application with cellulose degrading bacteria markedly increase the activity and content of soil organic C, and improve biochemical properties of alkaline soil in orchard, especially in the S + B treatment. |
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