| 2种梨砧木叶片光合与气孔形态特征研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 解斌,李俊豪,景淑怡,李舒然,郝瑞杰,李六林.2种梨砧木叶片光合与气孔形态特征研究[J].经济林研究,2019,37(2):126-133. |
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| 作者姓名： | 解斌 李俊豪 景淑怡 李舒然 郝瑞杰 李六林 |
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| 作者单位： | 山西农业大学 园艺学院,山西 太谷,030801;山西农业大学 园艺学院,山西 太谷,030801;山西农业大学 园艺学院,山西 太谷,030801;山西农业大学 园艺学院,山西 太谷,030801;山西农业大学 园艺学院,山西 太谷,030801;山西农业大学 园艺学院,山西 太谷,030801 |
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| 基金项目： | 山西省重点研发计划重点项目;山西省重点研发计划项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 为了探讨梨砧木光合作用与气孔形态特征间的关系及其对环境的适应性,分别以杜梨和豆梨为试材,分析了2种砧木生长量、叶片各光合参数日变化规律和下表皮气孔形态特征的差异情况。观测结果表明:相同环境条件下,杜梨的生长量显著高于豆梨的;两者间净光合速率(Pn)日变化规律的差异显著,其中,杜梨叶片Pn的日变化曲线呈单峰曲线,而豆梨的为双峰曲线,且杜梨的Pn整体大于豆梨的;杜梨的气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)在10:00时后均显著大于豆梨的,但杜梨的水分利用效率(WUE)仍维持在较高水平上;豆梨叶片下表皮气孔密度是杜梨的1.5倍;两者气孔长度、气孔开度的日变化规律均相似,但在白天气孔开度的最小值,杜梨出现在14:00时,而豆梨出现在12:00时。相关性分析结果表明:杜梨的WUE与试验环境温度(T)呈显著负相关(P<0.05),而与叶片表面的相对湿度(Hr)呈显著正相关(P<0.05);豆梨的WUE与T呈极显著负相关(P<0.01),而与RH呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。研究结果表明:豆梨气孔对高温、强光等环境的响应较为敏感且强烈,随着每日温度的升高,其气孔闭合现象出现的时间提早,致使光合作用减弱;而杜梨能够保持气孔的正常形态,且杜梨的Gs、Tr均维持在较高水平上,其光合能力较强,并具有较高的水分利用效率,从而表现出更强的环境适应性。
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| 关 键 词： | 梨砧木 生长量 光合作用 气孔形态 |
Characteristics of photosynthesis and stomatal morphology in leaves from two species of pear rootstocks |
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| XIE Bin,LI Junhao,JING Shuyi,LI Shuran,HAO Ruijie,LI Liulin.Characteristics of photosynthesis and stomatal morphology in leaves from two species of pear rootstocks[J].Economic Forest Researches,2019,37(2):126-133. |
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| Authors: | XIE Bin LI Junhao JING Shuyi LI Shuran HAO Ruijie LI Liulin |
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| Institution: | (College of Horticulture,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,Shanxi,China) |
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| Abstract: | In order to explore correlation between photosynthesis and stomatal morphological characteristics of pear rootstocks and their adaptability to environment,using Pyrus betulaefolia and P.calleryana as materials,differences of increments,diurnal variations of photosynthetic parameters and stomatal morphological characteristics in leaf lower epidermis of two species of rootstocks were analyzed.The results showed that incrementin P.betulaefolia was significantly higher than that in P.calleryana under the same environmental conditions.Diurnal variations of net photosynthetic rate (Pn) between the two species of rootstocks were significantly different,Pn diurnal variationin P. betulaefolia was a single-peak curve while that in P.calleryana wasa bimodal curves,and Pn value in P.betulaefolia was overall higher than that in P.calleryana.Stomatal conductance (Gs) and transpiration rate (Tr) in P.betulaefolia were significantly higher than those in P.calleryana after 10:00,but water use efficiency (WUE) in P.betulaefolia was still at a higher level.Stomatal density of lower epidermis in P.calleryana was 1.5 times that in P.betulaefolia.Both daily variations of stomatal length and stomatal opening in two species of rootstocks were similar,but the minimum stomatal opening in P.betulaefolia appeared at 14:00 in the daytime,while that in P.calleryana appeared at 12:00 in the daytime.The results of correlation analysis showed that WUE in P.betulaefolia had a significant negative correlation with environmental temperature (T)(P < 0.05) and had a significant positive correlation with relative humidity (Hr) of leaf surface (P < 0.05),while WUE in P.calleryana had a very significantly negative correlation with T (P < 0.01) and a significant positive correlation with RH (P < 0.05).Therefore,stomas in P.calleryana had more sensitively and sharply responses to environment such as high temperature and high light.With daily temperature increasing,a phenomenon of stomatal closure appeared earlier,which weakened photosynthesis.P.betulaefolia were able to maintain normal stomatal morphology,higher Gs and Tr,stronger photosynthetic ability,and higher WUE,so as to it showed stronger environmental adaptability. |
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| Keywords: | pear rootstock increment photosynthesis stomatal morphology |
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