Evaluation of mulberry germplasm for resistance to powdery mildew in the field and greenhouse |
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| Authors: | Soumen Chattopadhyay Kabiul Akhter Ali S Gandhi Doss Nirvan K Das Ramesh K Aggarwal Tapas K Bandopadhyay A Sarkar A K Bajpai |
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| Institution: | (1) Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Central Silk Board, Berhampore, 742101, India;(2) Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, 500007, India;(3) Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, 741235, India;(4) Present address: Regional Muga Research Station, Central Silk Board, Boko, 781123 Assam, India |
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| Abstract: | Powdery mildew caused by the ascomycete Phyllactinia guttata (syn. P. corylea) is a major foliar disease worldwide of the unique mulberry (Morus spp.) for silkworm feed. Genetic resistance to powdery mildew, the most sustainable and economical strategy for disease control,
is still elusive for tropical mulberry. About 147 germplasm sources, representing 18 countries of origin, were screened for
resistance to P. guttata in six seasonal fields and greenhouse trials after exposure to natural and artificial inoculum, respectively. In the field,
the level of plant responsiveness to disease was assessed from 30 to 62 days after pruning in each season as variations in
the disease severity index (DSI), disease incidence (DI%) and area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC). These measures
differed significantly among the germplasm. Of 147 germplasm sources, ~6.8% had useful resistance (two high and nine moderately
resistant) to the powdery mildew pathogen on the basis of DSI. The AUDPC values were 13.5-fold higher in the most susceptible
accession—(Philippines) than the least responsive (Vietnam-2). The results of DSI were strongly correlated with the obtained
DI values (r = 0.92; P < 0.01) and AUDPC (r = 0.89; P < 0.01). Moreover, field screening results were highly correlated (R
2 = 0.839) with values from the greenhouse evaluation using artificial inoculum. However, the DSI values in field and greenhouse
screenings for three sources (Non-nayapati, Nao-khurkul and Tista Valley) varied significantly. A relatively low disease reaction
of 09 resources (Vietnam-2, Ankara and 07 others) using different assessment scales after natural and artificial inoculation
prove, for the first time, that they have potential in breeding for resistance in tropical mulberry to powdery mildew. |
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