| 斑痣悬茧蜂对感染细菌寄主的寄生选择和传播病菌作用 |
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| 引用本文： | 张强,孟玲,李保平.斑痣悬茧蜂对感染细菌寄主的寄生选择和传播病菌作用[J].中国生物防治,2014(1):38-44. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张强 孟玲 李保平 |
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| 作者单位： | 南京农业大学植物保护学院/农作物生物灾害综合治理教育部重点实验室,南京210095 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家公益性行业（农业）科研专项（201103002） |
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| 摘 要： | 本研究旨在探究斑痣悬茧蜂是否寄生被短稳杆菌Empedobacter brevis感染的寄主，以及在寄生感病与健康寄主中是否传播病菌。在斜纹夜蛾幼虫为寄主的非选择性寄生试验中，将感染不同浓度短稳杆菌液及其感染后不同时间（1～5 d）的寄主分别供斑痣悬茧蜂寄生，结果表明，当细菌浓度较高时（5.0×107和1.25×107 cfu/mL），寄生率随感染后间隔时间延长而具有较大波动（10%～20%），当细菌浓度较低时（3.13×106 cfu/mL），寄生率波动较小（10%～15%），均表现二次曲线关系；但在对感染后不同时间寄主的选择性寄生试验中，当将感染细菌后1d分别与感染2、3、4或5d的寄主幼虫同时供斑痣悬茧蜂寄生时，斑痣悬茧蜂在感菌后1与3d、1与4d的寄主之间，偏好感菌后1d的寄主幼虫，寄生的寄主数量分别是感菌后3 d的2.5倍、4 d的2.0倍。在病菌传播试验中，分别以斜纹夜蛾和黏虫为寄主，结果表明，斑痣悬茧蜂寄生斜纹夜蛾幼虫后的传染率仅约5%；但寄生感菌黏虫寄主后能够传播病菌，而且传播概率随感染后时间的增加而下降，从起初的40%逐渐降至约10%。本研究结果说明，斑痣悬茧蜂对感染短稳杆菌寄主幼虫存在一定程度的寄生选择性，并通过寄生在一定程度上可传播该病菌。
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| 关 键 词： | 短稳杆菌 昆虫病菌 传播 寄生选择 生物防治 |
Parasitization Selection of the Parasitoid Meteorus pulchricornis for Hosts with Bacterial Infection and Its Role in Pathogen Transmission |
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| ZHANG Qiang,MENG Ling,LI Baoping.Parasitization Selection of the Parasitoid Meteorus pulchricornis for Hosts with Bacterial Infection and Its Role in Pathogen Transmission[J].Chinese Journal of Biological Control,2014(1):38-44. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Qiang MENG Ling LI Baoping |
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| Institution: | (Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education/College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China) |
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| Abstract: | Laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate if Meteorus pulchricornis （Wesmael） attacks host larvae infected with the bacteria Empedobacter brevis and transmit the pathogen through parasitization from infected to healthy hosts. In the non-choice parasitism experiment using Spodoptera litura （Fabricius） larva as the host, bacterial concentration （5.0×107, 1.25×107 and 3.13×106 cfu/mL） and the time post infection were manipulated in a factorial design on hosts, which in groups were then exposed to parasitism. The experiment showed that there were no significant interactions between the bacterial concentration and the time post infection on parasitism rate. When the bacterial concentration was higher （5.0×107 and 1.25×107 cfu/mL）, the variation in parasitism rate was wide （10%-20%） across the time post infection, but when the concentration was lower （3.13×106 cfu/mL）, the variation in parasitism rate was narrow （10%-15%）, both showed quadratic curvilinear relationships. In the dual-choice parasitism experiment using S. litura larva as the host, host larvae of 1 day and another time post infection were paired and then exposed to parasitism. The results showed that the parasitoid preferred the host of 1 day to that of 3 or 4 day post infection, attacking the former by 2.5 or 2.0 times more than the later two hosts, respectively. In the pathogen transmission experiment where S. litura and Mythimna separate＆amp;nbsp;Walker larvae were used as hosts, respectively, and treated as different days post infection. The results showed that parasitization of S. littura rarely transmitted the pathogen （5%）, but that of M. separate the parasitoid could transmit the bacteria through parasitization, with the transmission success decreasing from 40%to about 10%with the time post infection. The results of this study suggested that M. pulchricornis may attack to a small extent the host larva infected with the bacteria E. brevis, and transmit the pathogen through parasitization. |
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| Keywords: | Empedobacter brevis insect pathogen transmission parasitization selection biological control |
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