Genetic diversity in Chinese sorghum landraces revealed by chloroplast simple sequence repeats |
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| Authors: | Ruyu Li Han Zhang Xincheng Zhou Yanan Guan Fengxia Yao Guoan Song Jiancheng Wang Chunqing Zhang |
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| Institution: | (1) National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, 271018 Taian, Shandong, China;(2) Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 250100 Jinan, Shandong, China;(3) Vegetable Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 250100 Jinan, Shandong, China; |
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| Abstract: | A collection of sorghum, including more than 12,000 Chinese landraces, has been constructed and maintained in China. However,
the genetic diversity of Chinese sorghum landraces has not been fully investigated, and the origin of Chinese sorghum is still
in dispute. In this study, the complete chloroplast genome sequence of sorghum line Tx623B was searched for simple sequence
repeats (SSRs). 31 SSR loci with at least 10 mononucleotide repeats or five dinucleotide repeats were identified, and primer
pairs for 27 loci were designed. Chloroplast DNA variation in cultivated sorghum was investigated by using these primer pairs
on 185 Chinese sorghum landraces and 70 cultivated sorghum accessions from other countries. Among the 27 loci, 14 were polymorphic.
The number of alleles per polymorphic locus ranged from 2 to 5 with an average of 2.79. Allelic data at 14 polymorphic loci
were combined to give 12 haplotypes. The average allelic diversity index across the 14 polymorphic loci and corresponding
haplotype diversity were markedly lower for Chinese sorghum landraces than were those for accessions from other countries.
However, Chinese sorghum landraces shared a predominant allele at each polymorphic locus and a predominant haplotype with
foreign accessions. Our results indicate that Chinese landraces experienced a severe maternal bottleneck during the introduction
process with a predominant haplotype being present in 171 of 185 accessions analyzed. Except for one rare exception, haplotypes
found in Chinese landraces were either identical or closely related to those found in foreign accessions and could not be
separated clearly from them by cluster analysis. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis of African origin of Chinese
sorghum. |
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