Sensitivity of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Botrytis cinerea</Emphasis> to propamidine: in vitro determination of baseline sensitivity and the risk of resistance |
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| Authors: | Jun Hou Ya-nan Gao Juntao Feng Zhiqing Ma Xing Zhang |
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| Institution: | (1) Research & Development Center of Biorational Pesticides, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China;(2) Shaanxi Research Center of Biopesticide Engineering & Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China |
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| Abstract: | The baseline sensitivity of Botrytis cinerea to propamidine and assessment of the risk of propamidine resistance in vitro are presented in this article. The baseline
sensitivities of 41 wild-type strains were distributed as a unimodal curve with EC50 values of mycelial growth ranging from 0.182 to 1.460 μg ml−1, with a mean of 0.79 ± 0.27 μg ml−1. A total of 10 resistant mutants, obtained from one parental strain, were induced by UV irradiation and selected for resistance
to propamidine with an average frequency of 1.98 × 10−9 and 0.025 respectively. These mutants were divided into three classes of resistant phenotypes with low (LR), moderate (MR)
and high (HR) levels of resistance, determined by the EC50 values of 5.0–15.0 μg ml−1, 15.1–75.0 μg ml−1 and more than 75.0 μg ml−1 respectively. Neither positive cross-resistance nor negative cross-resistance was detected between propamidine and the fungicides,
benzimidazole carbendazim, anilino-pyrimidine pyrimethanil, dicarboximide iprodione or procymidone. All 10 propamidine-resistant
mutants showed reduced mycelial growth in vitro, sporulation, spore germination and pathogenicity when compared with the parental
strain. These studies demonstrated that propamidine possesses a low risk of resistance developing. However, as B. cinerea is a high-risk pathogen, appropriate precautions against resistance development should be taken. |
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