| 中国樱桃不同品种开花生物学特性及花粉萌发研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 李永强,郭卫东,李志军,陈文荣,辛德东,金波.中国樱桃不同品种开花生物学特性及花粉萌发研究[J].浙江农业学报,2009,21(5). |
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| 作者姓名： | 李永强 郭卫东 李志军 陈文荣 辛德东 金波 |
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| 作者单位： | 李永强,郭卫东,陈文荣,辛德东,金波(浙江师范大学,生化学院,浙江,金华,321004);李志军(青岛农业大学,总务处,山东,青岛,266109) |
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| 基金项目： | 浙江省重大科技专项，浙江省大学生新苗人才计划 |
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| 摘 要： | 对浙中山区主载的3个中国樱桃品种'短柄'、'黑珍珠'、'大鹰嘴'的开花物候期、花器官、果实性状进行了观察.结果表明:3个品种开花物侯期有明显差异,'大鹰嘴'花期最早,'短柄樱桃'最晚.不同品种的雌蕊长度和子房直径无显著差异,花瓣颜色、形状、花冠大小差异显著,花粉量也存在显著差异.花冠直径与单果重存在明显的相关关系.对短柄樱桃花粉萌发率、花粉管伸长速率进行研究表明,蔗糖对于维持樱桃花粉外界环境渗透压作用很明显,添加适量的硼酸有利于离体花粉的萌发.当蔗糖的浓度为30 g/L,硼酸的浓度为0.3%时短柄樱桃花粉内外的渗透压保持平衡,离体萌发率最高.通过温度试验表明,在25℃条件下花粉萌发率和花粉管伸长速率均达到最高,说明早春低温不利于中国樱桃花粉萌发、影响授粉受精.
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| 关 键 词： | 中国樱桃 花器官 花粉萌发 |
Research on biological characteristics of flowering and pollen germination of Chinese cherry cultivars |
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| Abstract: | Characteristics of blossom phenophase,floral organs and fruits of three Chinese cherry cultivars, 'Duan bing', 'Hei zhenzhu', 'Da yingzui' were investigated in Zhejiang mountainous areas. The results showed that the blossom phenophase greatly differed among these cultivars, 'Da yingzui' blossomed firstly, 'Hei zhenzhu' blossomed latest. No significant difference was observed in pistil length and ovary diameter among the three cultivars. There were significant differences in petal color,shape,corolla size and pollen quantity. A significant correlation was found between corolla diameter and fruit weight. It was indicated that sucrose was important for the cherry pollen to maintain the external osmotic pressure and addition of an appropriate amount of boric acid was greatly beneficial to the germination of pollen in vitro through the investigation of pollen germination ratio and pollen tube elongation rate of 'Duan bing'. When the concentration of sucrose was 30 g/L and boric acid was 3 g/L,the internal and external osmotic pressure of 'Duan bing' could keep balance and the ratio of pollen germination was the highest. The optimal temperature for the pollen germination and pollen tube elongation rate was 25CC. Therefore,low temperature in the early spring was a obstacle for the pollen germination and pollination of Chinese cherry. |
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| Keywords: | Chinese cherry floral organ pollen germination |
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