| 超级粳稻籽粒灌浆速率及品质的氮素调控研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 李习军,殷春渊,王书玉,刘贺梅,薛应征,王和乐,胡秀明,孙建权.超级粳稻籽粒灌浆速率及品质的氮素调控研究[J].安徽农业科学,2013(14):6164-6166,6240. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李习军 殷春渊 王书玉 刘贺梅 薛应征 王和乐 胡秀明 孙建权 |
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| 作者单位： | 新乡市农业科学院,河南新乡,453002 |
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| 基金项目： | 河南省现代农业产业技术体系资助项目，河南省省院科技合作专项资助项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的]明确氮肥对超级粳稻籽粒灌浆速率和稻米品质的影响效应,为氮肥的合理施用及改善稻米品质提供理论依据。方法]2012年,在新乡市农业科学院试验农场,以超级粳稻新稻18号为供试材料,于0、240.0、262.5、285.0、307.5和330.0 kg/hm2纯氮水平下,研究不同氮肥处理对水稻强、弱势籽粒灌浆速率和稻米品质的影响。结果]灌浆中前期籽粒灌浆速率低氮肥处理较高氮肥处理高,灌浆高峰后则表现为高氮肥处理高于低氮肥处理;最大灌浆速率和平均灌浆速率强势粒高于弱势粒,平均比弱势粒高43.42%和30.61%。活跃灌浆期籽粒增重,强势粒明显高于弱势粒,不同处理间差异较小。糙米率、精米率和整精米率随氮肥施用量的增加处理间差异较小,但除个别处理差异达显著水平外均不显著,处理间变异系数分别为0.46%、1.13%和1.47%;垩白粒率在无氮肥和低氮肥处理下较高,在中肥和高肥处理下较低,处理间差异较大,其变异系数为45.04%;垩白度不同氮肥处理间变异系数为27.93%。结论]氮肥对稻米加工品质影响较小,对外观品质影响较大,适当减少氮肥施用量,不仅可以提高灌浆中前期籽粒灌浆速率,同时有利于提高稻米品质,尤其是外观品质垩白粒率的改善。
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| 关 键 词： | 超级粳稻 氮 籽粒灌浆 强势粒 弱势粒 稻米品质 |
Regulation of Nitrogen on the Grain Filling Characteristics and Quality of Super Japonica-rice |
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| Institution: | LI Xi-jun et al (Xinxiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang, Henan 453002) |
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| Abstract: | Objective] The aim was to confirm on the effects of nitrogen fertilizer on the grain filling rate and quality of super Japonica-rice, and provide a theoretical basis for applying nitrogen fertilizer reasonably and improving quality of rice. Method] In order to explicit the effects of nitrogen level on the grain filling rate and quality of super Japonica-rice of xindao 18, a field experiment with 0, 240.0, 262.5, 285.0,307.5 and 330.0 kg/hm2 nitrogen fertilizer application amount was carried out in 2012 on the farm of Xinxiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Henan Province. Result] The results showed that the grain filling rate of low nitrogen level was higher than that of high nitrogen level at the prior grain filling stage, and which of the later of fastigium grain filling stage was opposite. The max and mean grain fi!ling rate of superior grain was 43.42% and 30.61% higher respectively than that of inferior grain. Tile grain weight in active grain filling stage of superior grain was higher than that of inferior grain, and the difference of treatments was small. Brown rice percentage, milled rice percentage and head rice percentage of dif- ferent nitrogen levels was no difference except for one or two treatments existing high significance, and which of coefficient of variation was 0.46%, 1.13% and 1.47%, respectively. Chalky percentage was relatively high at no and low nitrogen levels, and was low at middle and high nitrogen levels. The differences of treatments was big and which of coefficient of variation was 45.04%, Chalkiness of levels coefficient of varia- tion was 27.93%. Conclusion] It was illustrated that the effects of nitrogen fertilizer level on machining quality was relatively small, and was big on the appearance quality. Therefore, the prior-middle grain filling rate and rice quality could increase and improve by reducing nitrogen fer- tilizer using application amount properly, especially, chalky percentage was able to be greatly reformed. |
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| Keywords: | Super Japonica-rice Nitrogen Grain filling Superior grain Inferior grain Rice quality |
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