Availability of soil boron fractions to M.26 apple rootstock |
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| Authors: | Pawel Wójcik |
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| Institution: | Department of Fruit Management and Plant Nutrition , Research Institute of Pomology and Floriculture , Pomologiczna 18, Skierniewice, 96–100, Poland |
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| Abstract: | The availability of various boron (B) fractions in soil to M.26 apple (Malus spp.) rootstock was examined. The study was carried out in a greenhouse on soils with diverse chemical and physical properties. The following B fractions were determined: (i) B in soil solution, (ii) B non‐specifically adsorbed on soil surface, (iii) B specifically adsorbed on soil colloid surfaces, (iv) B occluded in Mn oxyhydroxides, (v) B occluded in noncrystalline aluminum (Al) and iron (Fe) oxides, (vi) B occluded in crystalline Al and Fe oxides, (vii) B fixed with soil silicates, and (viii) total soil B. In the studied soils there were: 0.07–0.17 mg kg‐1 B in soil solution, 0.01–0.03 mg kg‐1 B non‐specifically adsorbed on soil surface, 0.04–0.08 mg kg‐1 B specifically adsorbed on soil colloid surfaces, 0.28–0.67 mg kg‐1 B occluded in manganese (Mn) oxides, 4.03–17.22 mg kg‐1 B occluded in noncrystalline Al and Fe oxides, 8.93–50.62 mg kg‐1 B occluded in crystalline Al and Fe oxides, 12.2–42.5 mg kg‐1 B fixed with soil silicate, and 52.9–82.2 mg kg‐1 total B. Simple correlation analysis showed positive correlation between B contents in M.26 apple rootstocks and amounts of B in soil solution (r=0.77), B non‐specifically adsorbed on soil colloid surfaces (r=0.65), B specifically adsorbed on soil surface (r=0.76) and B occluded in Mn oxyhydroxides (r=0.77). No relation was found between plant B contents and amounts of B occluded in non‐crystalline and crystalline Al and Fe oxides, B fixed with soil silicates and total B. The results indicated that extraction of B by 0.1 M NH2OH HCl solution adequately represented amounts of B in soil solution, B non‐specifically and specifically adsorbed on soil compound surfaces and B occluded in Mn oxyhydroxides to assess availability of B to apple trees. |
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| Keywords: | boron (B) toxicity chlorophyll fluorescence hydroponics leaf burn protected horticulture Solanum lycopersicum L |
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