| 玉米北方炭疽病发生危害调查及施肥覆膜措施对病害发生的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 孙佳莹,王晓旭,张崎峰,薛春生,肖淑芹,陈捷.玉米北方炭疽病发生危害调查及施肥覆膜措施对病害发生的影响[J].植物保护学报,2020,47(3):592-600. |
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| 作者姓名： | 孙佳莹 王晓旭 张崎峰 薛春生 肖淑芹 陈捷 |
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| 作者单位： | 沈阳农业大学植物保护学院, 沈阳 110866;辽宁省辽阳市现代农业发展服务中心, 辽阳 111000;黑龙江省农业科学院黑河分院, 黑河 164300;上海交通大学农业与生物学院, 上海 200240 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划（2018YFD0300307），国家现代农业（玉米）产业技术体系（CARS-02） |
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| 摘 要： | 为明确玉米品种抗病性及施肥覆膜措施对玉米北方炭疽病发生的影响,于2016—2018年利用五点取样法系统调查东北部分玉米种植区北方炭疽病的发生危害,利用线性回归分析确定气象因子与炭疽病发生的相关性,通过田间小区试验鉴定101个玉米品种对北方炭疽病的抗性,并观察肥料施用方式、种类以及地膜使用对病害发生的影响。结果表明,2016—2018年玉米北方炭疽病在东北玉米种植区普遍发生,其中吉林省和黑龙江省部分地区为重发区,病害发生程度与7—8月份平均气温和降雨量密切相关。供试玉米品种中辽单752、禾农九、中元999和山与城1号4个品种对玉米北方炭疽病表现为高抗,占总数的3.96%,无免疫品种。基肥和追肥量分别为675 kg/hm2和150 kg/hm2时病害发生较轻,病情指数为18.61,减肥30%对病害发生无明显影响;缓释肥和地膜均可有效减轻病害发生。表明种植抗病品种、合理使用肥料及地膜是东北地区防治玉米北方炭疽病的有效措施。
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| 关 键 词： | 玉米北方炭疽病 发生危害 品种抗病性 缓释肥 地膜 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019/9/16 0:00:00 |
Occurrence of maize eyespot and control effect of fertilizer and film application against the disease |
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| SUN Jiaying,WANG Xiaoxu,ZHANG Qifeng,XUE Chunsheng,XIAO Shuqin,CHEN Jie.Occurrence of maize eyespot and control effect of fertilizer and film application against the disease[J].Acta Phytophylacica Sinica,2020,47(3):592-600. |
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| Authors: | SUN Jiaying WANG Xiaoxu ZHANG Qifeng XUE Chunsheng XIAO Shuqin CHEN Jie |
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| Institution: | College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning Province, China;Liaoyang Modern Agricultural Development Service Center, Liaoyang 111000, Liaoning Province, China;Heihe Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Heihe 164300, Heilongjiang Province, China; School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China |
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| Abstract: | In order to determine the effects of varieties, fertilizer and film application to control maize eyes pot, the occurrence of maize eyespot was investigated in northeastern China with five-point sam-pling method in 2016-2018, and the correlation between climatic factors and disease occurrence were determined by using linear regression analysis. The disease resistance of 101 maize varieties was identified, and the control effects of fertilizer application, types and film to maize eyespot were ana-lyzed. The results showed that the maize eyespot in 2016-2018 occurred widely in northeastern Chi-na, and seriously in Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces. Severity of the disease occurrence was closely related to the average temperature and rainfall from July to August. Among the test varieties, four vari-eties (Liaodan 752, Henongjiu, Zhongyuan 999, Shanyucheng 1) showed high resistance to maize eye-spot, and immune variety were not found. Severity of maize eyespot reduced when the amount of bas-al fertilizer and topdressing was 675 kg/hm2 and 150 kg/hm2 respectively, with the disease index of 18.61. Thirty percent fertilizer reduction did not aggravate the disease occurrence. Slow-release fertiliz-er and film application could effectively alleviate the disease occurrence. The results demonstrated that planting disease-resistant varieties, rational application of fertilizers and film could control effectively maize eyespot in northeastern China. |
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| Keywords: | maize eyespot occurrence and damage variety resistance low releasing fertilizer film |
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