| 塔型桁架人工鱼礁流场效应及稳定性 |
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| 引用本文： | 公丕海,郑延璇,李娇,关长涛,崔勇,李强.塔型桁架人工鱼礁流场效应及稳定性[J].中国水产科学,2019,26(5):1021-1028. |
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| 作者姓名： | 公丕海 郑延璇 李娇 关长涛 崔勇 李强 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 农业农村部渔业装备与工程重点开放实验室, 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所, 山东 青岛 266071;2. 乳山市水产技术推广站, 山东 威海 264500;3. 中国海监乳山市大队, 山东 威海 264500 |
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| 基金项目： | 山东省重大科技创新工程专项资金项目（2018SDKJ0501）；中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目（2016HY-ZD0103）. |
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| 摘 要： | 本研究利用物理模型试验和粒子图像测速技术,对塔型桁架人工鱼礁模型在6种换算流速0.031 m/s、0.063 m/s、0.095 m/s、0.126 m/s、0.158 m/s和0.190 m/s (实际流速0.2 m/s, 0.4 m/s, 0.6 m/s, 0.8 m/s, 1.0 m/s和1.2 m/s)下产生的流场效应与物理稳定性进行研究。结果表明,流速达到1.2m/s时,礁体不会发生漂移和倾覆,说明该礁型具有良好的稳定性。单体礁在45°和90°迎流方式下,最大上升流流速和上升流平均流速随来流速度增加而递增,90°摆放单体礁最大上升流流速为来流速度的15.6%～21.0%, 45°摆放单体礁最大上升流流速为来流速度的16.3%～23.5%;上升流面积和高度随来流速度的增大先增加后减小,均在来流速度为0.095 m/s时出现最大值;缓流区面积均随来流速度的增加而减小;在相同来流速度下, 45°迎流时礁体缓流区面积大于90°迎流;在45°和90°摆放方式下,缓流区长度与礁高比值均随来流速度的增加呈下降趋势,且下降趋势逐渐平缓;45°迎流时缓流区长度为礁体高度的13～24倍, 90°迎流时缓流区长度为礁体高度的11～22倍。塔型桁架人工鱼礁礁体前后没有涡流形成,但具有较好的缓流作用,在礁体后方形成了较大规模的缓流区。
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| 关 键 词： | 塔型桁架人工鱼礁 图像粒子测速 流场效应 稳定性 |
| 修稿时间： | 2019/10/8 0:00:00 |
Flow field effect and stability of the equilateral tower-type truss artificial reef |
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| GONG Pihai,ZHENG Yanxuan,LI Jiao,GUAN Changtao,CUI Yong,LI Qiang.Flow field effect and stability of the equilateral tower-type truss artificial reef[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2019,26(5):1021-1028. |
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| Authors: | GONG Pihai ZHENG Yanxuan LI Jiao GUAN Changtao CUI Yong LI Qiang |
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| Institution: | 1. Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fishery, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs;Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;2. Rushan Aquatic Product Technology Extension Station, Weihai 264500, China;3. China Marine Surveillance of Rushan City, Weihai 264500, China |
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| Abstract: | Tower-type truss artificial reefs have superior structural stability but are large and of low quality. Presently, few studies have investigated the water dynamics of complex structure reefs in China. Based on studies of the flow field effect around the tower-type truss artificial reef, hoping to provide reference to planning and layout. The reef hemline was 10400 mm long, 5000 mm high, 10400 mm wide, and the cement column was 2850 m minimum length. The diameter was 76.3 mm, the large disc diameter of the reef was 1200 mm, the thickness of the large disc was 59 mm, the small disc diameter of the reef was 680 mm, and the thickness of the small disc was 92 mm. Six real flow velocities (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, and 1.2 m/s) were designed to study the flow field around the reef. According to the similarity principle, the experiment velocities were 0.031, 0.063, 0.095, 0.126, 0.158, and 0.190 m/s. Using a water flume physical model test and particle image velocimetry (PIV) technology, the flow field effect around the tower-type truss artificial reef was evaluated under six different flow velocities. The anti-rolling and anti-slide coefficients were evaluated under different test conditions. The experimental results indicated that for the monomer reef by mode of 45° and 90° against the flow, the average and maximum upwelling velocity was increased with the flow velocity. The maximum upwelling velocity of the single reef 90° against the flow was 15.6%-21.0% the flow velocity, and 45° against the flow was 16.3%-23.5% of the flow velocity. Increases in flow velocity first increased and then decreased the upwelling scale and height, and when the coming flow speed was 0.095 m/s, the maximum upwelling scale and height were achieved. The slow flow area decreased with increasing flow velocity. Under the same flow velocity, the size of the slow flow area with 45° against the flow was greater than 90° against the flow. The length of the slow flow area to the reef height decreased with increasing flow velocity, and the trend decreased with increasing flow velocity. The length of the slow flow area with 45° against the flow was 13-24-fold longer than the height of the reef. The length of the slow flow area with 90° facing the flow was 11-22-fold longer than the height of the reef. The reef remained stable on the sea floor, where the water depth was 20 m and the current velocity was 1.2 m/s. |
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| Keywords: | tower-type truss artificial reef particle image velocimetry flow field effect stability |
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