| 宁夏葡萄苗圃根结线虫病发病症状、为害程度及种类 |
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| 引用本文： | 李嘉泓,徐国前,任苗苗,杜娟,顾沛雯,何金柱.宁夏葡萄苗圃根结线虫病发病症状、为害程度及种类[J].植物保护学报,2020,47(3):666-678. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李嘉泓 徐国前 任苗苗 杜娟 顾沛雯 何金柱 |
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| 作者单位： | 宁夏大学农学院, 银川 750021;宁夏葡萄与葡萄酒研究院, 银川 750021;宁夏农垦玉泉营农场有限公司, 银川 750104 |
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| 基金项目： | 宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划（2019BBF02013），国家重点研发计划（2019YFD1002502） |
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| 摘 要： | 为有效防治葡萄苗圃根结线虫病,采用拔根百分法和直接解剖法调查宁夏永宁县玉泉营镇葡萄苗圃葡萄苗木根结线虫病的发病症状、为害程度,并通过形态学和分子生物学对其种类进行鉴定。结果表明:15个葡萄品种的病害症状之间有一定差异。除抗砧3号外,其余14个葡萄品种均受根结线虫侵染,且不同葡萄品种受根结线虫为害的严重度差异明显,其中西拉、红芭拉蒂、爱神玫瑰、阳光玫瑰、马瑟兰、贝达和黑比诺上根结线虫病较严重,病情指数介于51.67～78.33之间,大青的病情指数最低,为21.67。不同葡萄品种的每根段雌成虫数量之间、每根段根结数量之间差异明显,其中葡萄品种贝达的每根段雌成虫数量和每根段根结数量最多,分别为12.47条和4.27个,葡萄品种黑比诺的每根段雌成虫数量和每根段根结数量较少,分别为3.60条和1.73个;每根段雌成虫数量随着每根段根结数量的增加而增加。根据根结线虫2龄幼虫、雌成虫和会阴花纹的形态学特征及分子生物学鉴定结果确定为害葡萄苗圃的根结线虫主要为南方根结线虫Meloidogyne incognita和花生根结线虫M. arenaria。除抗砧3号外,其它14个葡萄品种均不同程度的感染了南方根结线虫和花生根结线虫,且所有葡萄品种感染南方根结线虫的比例均较高。
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| 关 键 词： | 葡萄苗圃 根结线虫 症状 为害程度 种类鉴定 宁夏回族自治区 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019/8/19 0:00:00 |
Symptoms, damage degrees and species of root-knot nematodes in Ningxia grapevine nursery |
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| LI Jiahong,XU Guoqian,REN Miaomiao,DU Juan,GU Peiwen,HE Jinzhu.Symptoms, damage degrees and species of root-knot nematodes in Ningxia grapevine nursery[J].Acta Phytophylacica Sinica,2020,47(3):666-678. |
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| Authors: | LI Jiahong XU Guoqian REN Miaomiao DU Juan GU Peiwen HE Jinzhu |
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| Institution: | School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China;Ningxia Grape&Wine Research Institute, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China; Ningxia Nongken Yuquanying Farm Co., Ltd., Yinchuan 750104, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China |
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| Abstract: | To effectively prevent and control root-knot nematode diseases in the grapevine nursery, the symptoms and damage degrees of root-knot nematode were investigated by using the method of rootpulling percentage and direct dissection in Yuquanying Town, Yongning County, Ningxia. The species were identified with morphological and molecular biological methods. The results showed that there were some differences in disease symptoms among 15 grape varieties. Except Kangzhen 3, the other 14 grape varieties were infected by root-knot nematodes, and there were significant differences in the sever-ity of root-knot nematodes among different grape varieties. The root-knot nematode disease was more serious in Syrah, Red baratti, Eros rose, Shine muscat, Marselan, Beta and Pinot noir, with the disease index from 51.67 to 78.33, and the disease index of Daqing was the lowest (21.67). There were signifi-cant differences in the number of female adults per root segment and root knots per root segment among different grape varieties. The number of female adults and root knots in each segment of the Beta were the highest, which were 12.47 and 4.27, respectively; the number of female adults and root knots in each segment of the Pinot noir were the least, which were 3.60 and 1.73, respectively. The number of fe-male adults per segment increased with the number of root knots per segment. According to the morpho-logical characteristics of second-stage juveniles, female adults and perineal patterns of root-knot nema-todes and molecular identification, Meloidogyne incognita and M. arenaria were identified as root-knot nematodes that endangered grapevine nursery. Except Kangzhen 3, the other 14 grape varieties were in-fected with M. incognita and M. arenaria to varying degrees, and the infection proportion of M. incogni-ta was higher in the 14 grape varieties. |
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| Keywords: | grape seedling nursery root-knot nematode symptom damage degree species identifica-tion Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region |
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