| 伏牛山区迎河小流域不同土地利用类型的土壤粒径分布特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 方肖晨,王春红,张荣华,张光灿,邢先双,杨锐,赵洁.伏牛山区迎河小流域不同土地利用类型的土壤粒径分布特征[J].中国水土保持科学,2017(3):9-16. |
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| 作者姓名： | 方肖晨 王春红 张荣华 张光灿 邢先双 杨锐 赵洁 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 山东省土壤侵蚀与生态修复重点实验室/山东农业大学林学院,271018,山东泰安;2. 水利部水利水电规划设计总院,100120,北京;3. 山东省水文局,250012,济南 |
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| 基金项目： | 淮河水利委员会水土保持管理项目“淮河流域国家水土保持重点工程区水土流失存在问题及防治对策”(HWSBC2015002) |
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| 摘 要： | 为探讨伏牛山区坡耕地土壤物理性能的退化特征,在河南省鲁山县迎河小流域,利用激光粒度仪和土壤分形模型,比较分析了4种土地利用类型的土壤粒径分布(PSD)及其分形特征.研究结果表明:1)土壤PSD简单分维(Dv)以乔木林地最高(2.658),坡耕地最低(2.489),多重分维(容量维D0、信息维D1、关联维D2)以乔木林地最高(0.941、0.926、0.91),坡耕地最低(0.927、0.899、0.849).不同分形参数均表现为:坡耕地＜灌草坡地和水平梯田＜乔木林地;2)土壤PSD的Dv、D0、D1和D2,与黏粒和粉粒体积分数显著正相关,与砂粒体积分数显著负相关.因此,利用土壤PSD简单分形和多重分形维数,可量化表征土壤质地的粗细程度和非均匀性质的差别;坡耕地土壤质地的粗粒化程度和非均匀性明显大于其他土地利用类型;土壤细粒(黏粒和粉粒)物质流失是坡耕地土壤质地粗粒化和非均匀程度增大的重要原因.
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| 关 键 词： | 土壤颗粒分布 分形维数 多重分形 土地利用类型 迎河小流域 |
Soil particle size distribution characteristics under different land use types in Yinghe Watershed of Funiu Mountain Area |
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| FANG Xiaochen,WANG Chunhong,ZHANG Ronghua,ZHANG Guangcan,XING Xianshuang,YANG Rui,ZHAO Jie.Soil particle size distribution characteristics under different land use types in Yinghe Watershed of Funiu Mountain Area[J].Science of Soil and Water Conservation,2017(3):9-16. |
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| Authors: | FANG Xiaochen WANG Chunhong ZHANG Ronghua ZHANG Guangcan XING Xianshuang YANG Rui ZHAO Jie |
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| Abstract: | Background]The soil erosion of Funiu Mountain Area has been one of the most serious problems in Huaihe River Basin even rocky mountain areas of northern China.Sloping farmland is the main source of soil erosion which causes loss of fine particle,degradation of the soil structure and performance.The soil fractal theory has been an important method to quantify particle size distribution (PSD).In this paper,we explore the degradation degree of sloping farmland soil physical property with fractal theory in Funiu Mountain Area in Yinghe Watershed,Lushan County of Henan Province.Methods] On the basis of small watershed investigation,we selected four land use types (five vegetation types) as research subjects and set sample plots.In every land use type plot,three temporary sample plots (20 m × 20 m) were set to dig surface soil (0-20 cm) with 5-point sampling method.The soil from the same plot was well mixed to dry for the determination of particle size distribution.After the determination by the laser granulometer,the frequency distribution of volume of the soil particle (＜ 2mm) under different land use types was obtained.Then we divided the volume of soil particle into 7 levels according to American standard:clay:＜ 0.002 mm,silt:0.002-0.05 mm,very fine sand:0.05-0.1 mm,fine sand:0.1-0.25 mm,middle sand:0.25-0.5 mm,coarse sand:0.5-1.0 mm,very coarse sand:1-2 mm.By soil particle volume fractal model and general dimension spectrum,the fractal dimension Dv and multi-fractal parameter Dq were obtained.Among them,when q =0,1,2,the Dq is respectively D0,Dt,D2.After the above method and comprehensive analysis,we studied the composition of soil particles size,variation of fractal dimension characteristic parameter and effect on PSD uniformity under four land use types.Results] 1) The Dv was manifested as:the maximum was arbor forest (2.658),and the sloping farmland was the smallest one by 2.489.The multi-fractal parameters (D0,D1,D2) was manifested as:the maximum was arbor forest (0.941,0.926,0.91),and the sloping farmland was the smallest one by 0.927,0.899,0.849.All the fractal parameters were manifested as:sloping farmland ＜ shrub-grass slope land and terraced land ＜ arbor forest.2) There were significant positive correlation between Dv,D0,D1,D2 and clay,silt volume fraction,and all of them had significantly negative correlations with sand volume fraction.Conclusions] Soil fractal theory and multi-fractal theory can be used to quantitatively characterize differences of soil texture granularity distribution and heterogeneity;the coarse graining and heterogeneity of sloping farmland is higher than other land use types,the loss of soil fine particle (clay and silt) lead to the increase of degree of coarse graining and heterogeneity of sloping farmland. |
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| Keywords: | soil particle size distribution fractal dimension multi-fractal land use type Yinghe Watershed |
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