| 饲粮粗蛋白质水平对泌乳水牛产奶量及氮代谢的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 邹彩霞,韦升菊,梁贤威,覃广胜,杨炳壮,杨承剑.饲粮粗蛋白质水平对泌乳水牛产奶量及氮代谢的影响[J].动物营养学报,2012(5):946-952. |
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| 作者姓名： | 邹彩霞 韦升菊 梁贤威 覃广胜 杨炳壮 杨承剑 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国农业科学院广西水牛研究所，农业部（广西）水牛遗传繁育重点实验室，南宁 ５３０００１ |
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| 基金项目： | 广西科学研究与技术开发项目（桂科攻 １１２３００５ ２）；农业部 ９４８项目（２０１１ Ｇ２６）；广西水产畜牧兽医局科研业务费桂渔牧科项目（０９２５４ １５） |
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| 摘 要： | 本试验旨在研究饲粮粗蛋白质水平对泌乳水牛产奶量及氮代谢的影响。试验采用４×４拉丁方试验设计，选用 １６头体况良好、上期泌乳量相近、产犊胎次 ２～３胎、健康的泌乳前期水牛，随机分为４组，进行动物饲养试验和消化代谢试验。将４组泌乳水牛随机分配到４个梯度的饲粮粗蛋白质水平组，即 １６．０％、１５．２％、１４．４％、１３．６％ ４个组，每组 ４头，进行 ４期饲养试验，每期 ２１ｄ，共 ８４ｄ。按照 ４×４拉丁方设计给各期各组泌乳水牛饲喂不同粗蛋白质水平的饲粮，每期试验预试期 ７ｄ。在第 ２期和第 ４期饲养试验的最后 ４ｄ开展 ２期氮消化代谢试验。结果表明，总采食氮、可消化氮、乳氮／进食氮以及氮表观消化率在部分组间差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０５）；乳氮、粪氮、尿氮在各组间差异不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）。饲喂不同粗蛋白质水平饲粮对水牛产奶量、乳蛋白率、乳脂率、乳非脂固形物率和乳糖率均无显著影响（Ｐ＞０．０５）。血清总蛋白和尿素氮含量各组间差异不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）。以试验期间进食氮水平（ｇ／ｄ）为横坐标（ｘ），标准乳产量（ｋｇ／ｄ）为纵坐标（ｙ），获得进食氮水平与标准乳产量的二次曲线关系，即 ｙ＝－０．００１６ｘ２＋０．９５５６ｘ－１２９．９１。由此可见，饲粮粗蛋白质水平对泌乳水牛生产性能及血液生化指标影响不显著，根据进食氮水平与标准乳产量的二次曲线关系可得，当进食氮水平为 ２９８．６２５ｇ／ｄ时，得到水牛标准乳产量最大值为 １２．７７３ｋｇ／ｄ。
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| 关 键 词： | 水牛 泌乳前期 氮利用率代谢 产奶量 |
Dietary Crude Protein Level Affects Milk Yield and Nitrogen Metabolism of Lactating Water Buffalo |
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| ZOU Caixia,WEI Shengju,LIANG Xianwei,QIN Guangsheng,YANG Bingzhuang,YANG Chengjian.Dietary Crude Protein Level Affects Milk Yield and Nitrogen Metabolism of Lactating Water Buffalo[J].Acta Zoonutrimenta Sinica,2012(5):946-952. |
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| Authors: | ZOU Caixia WEI Shengju LIANG Xianwei QIN Guangsheng YANG Bingzhuang YANG Chengjian |
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| Institution: | (Buffalo Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Ministry of Agriculture(Guangxi) Key Laboratory of Buffalo Genetic and Breedin,Nanning 530001,China) |
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| Abstract: | This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary crude protein level on milk yield and nitrogen metabolism of lactating water buffalo.A 4×4 Latin square experiment design was used in the experiment.Sixteen healthy early lactation water buffalo with similar milk yield in the last lactation and 2 or 3 parities were divided into 4 groups to carry out animal experiment,and digestion and metabolism experiment.The animals were randomly divided into 4 groups and fed diets containing varying levels of crude protein(16.0%,15.2%,14.4% and 13.6%).There were 4 feeding trial periods,each period included 21 d with 7 d adaptation period,and whole experiment lasted for 84 d.According to Latin square experiment design,each group in each period was fed different levels of dietary crude protein.Two nitrogen digestion and metabolism trials were conducted on the last 4 days of the second and the fourth feeding trial period.The results showed that there were significant differences in total nitrogen intake,digestible nitrogen,milk nitrogen/total nitrogen intake and apparent nitrogen digestibility among some groups(P<0.05);there were no significant differences in milk nitrogen,fecal nitrogen,urinary nitrogen among each group(P>0.05).There were no significant differences in milk yield,milk protein percentage,milk fat percentage,milk non-solid percentage whole milk solids content and lactose percentage among each group(P>0.05).There were no significant differences in the contents of serum total protein and urea nitrogen(P>0.05).The relationship between nitrogen intake(x,g/d) and fat corrected milk(y,kg/d) was showed as follows: y=-0.001 6x2+0.955 6x-129.91.In conclusion,dietary crude protein level has no significant effect on performance and blood biochemical indices of lactating water buffalo,according to the curvilinear relationship between nitrogen intake and fat corrected milk,when the nitrogen intake is 298.625 g/d,the max standard milk yield of water buffalo is 12.773 kg/d. |
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| Keywords: | water buffalo early lactation nitrogen metabolism milk yield |
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