| 孵化前期二氧化碳调控对蛋鸡种蛋孵化胚胎的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 童勤,朱丽蓉,刘畅,郑炜超,韩胜强,李杜.孵化前期二氧化碳调控对蛋鸡种蛋孵化胚胎的影响[J].农业工程学报,2021,37(16):177-183. |
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| 作者姓名： | 童勤 朱丽蓉 刘畅 郑炜超 韩胜强 李杜 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院，北京 100083；2. 农业农村部设施农业工程重点实验室，北京 100083；3. 北京市畜禽健康养殖环境工程技术研究中心，北京 100083;1. 中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院，北京 100083；2. 农业农村部设施农业工程重点实验室，北京 100083；4. 江苏立华牧业股份有限公司，常州 213168;5. 北京市华都峪口禽业有限责任公司，北京 101206 |
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| 摘 要： | 为探究孵化前期高浓度CO2调控对蛋鸡种蛋孵化的影响机制，该研究以京红1号蛋鸡种蛋为试验对象，在孵化前期（0～10 d）处理组通过补充CO2的方式保持1%浓度，处理组在（0～10 d）期间通过CO2调控系统实时补充CO2；对照组CO2浓度小于0.25%，对比研究了1%浓度CO2处理对种蛋孵化的影响。结果表明，CO2处理组与对照组的受精蛋孵化率无显著性差异（P>0.05）；第9天和第12天CO2处理组的胚胎质量和相对胚胎质量显著高于对照组（P<0.05）；第3天、第6天和第9天CO2处理组的蛋白pH值显著低于对照组（P<0.05）；第11天，CO2处理组和对照组尿囊绒毛膜（CAM，Chorioallantoic Membrane）血管发育密度无显著性差异（P>0.05）；第0天、第6天、第12天两组的蛋壳和胚胎钙含量不存在显著差异。在蛋鸡种蛋孵化前期（0~10 d）保持1%浓度的CO2，降低了蛋白pH值，加速了胚胎发育，但未影响孵化率。
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| 关 键 词： | 二氧化碳 动物 孵化 胚胎发育 孵化率 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021/7/17 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2021/7/17 0:00:00 |
Effects of carbon dioxide regulation during early incubation stage on the hatching embryos of layer eggs |
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| Tong Qin,Zhu Lirong,Liu Chang,Zheng Weichao,Han Shengqiang,Li Du.Effects of carbon dioxide regulation during early incubation stage on the hatching embryos of layer eggs[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2021,37(16):177-183. |
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| Authors: | Tong Qin Zhu Lirong Liu Chang Zheng Weichao Han Shengqiang Li Du |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China; 3. Beijing Engineering Research Center for Animal Healthy Environment, Beijing 100083, China;1. College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China; 4. Jiangsu Lihua animal husbandry Co., Ltd, Changzhou 213168, China;; 5. Beijing Huadu Yukou Poultry Industry Co., Ltd., Beijing 101205, China |
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| Abstract: | Abstract: Environmental parameters generally determine the incubation performance and chick quality, one of which is carbon dioxide (CO2). However, the mechanism still remains unclear, particularly the effects of high CO2 levels during early incubation on the hatching quality. In this study, three batches of fertile eggs from Jinghong No. 1 were incubated in two small-scale incubators, in order to investigate the influence of normal and higher CO2 levels during the early stage of incubation (0-10 d). The treatment and control incubator maintained the CO2 concentration of 1% and below 0.2%, respectively. The incubators were also swapped for the next batch. A higher CO2 level was controlled during the incubation using a purpose-built system with CO2 sensors and a CO2 gas adding unit. The specific parameters were measured, including hatchability, chick quality, embryo weight, and relative embryo weight at day 6, day 9, day 12, day 15, and day 18, vascular development density of allantoic chorion (CAM) at day 11, albumen pH at day 0, day 3, day 6, day 9, day 12 and day 15, and the calcium content of eggshells and embryos at day 0, day 6 and day 12. The results showed that the CO2 concentrations in the treatment and control incubator were achieved the target levels of about 0.96±0.04%, lower than 0.25%. There was no significant difference between the two groups in hatchability and fertilized egg hatchability, where were (89.17±2.53)% and (91.57±1.03)% in the treatment and control group, respectively. Moreover, the higher CO2 during early stagedid not have much effect on the chick quality. The vascular development density of CAM on the 11th day had no significant difference between the treated and control groups, because the O2 concentration was maintained around (20.2±0.1)%. There was also no significant difference in the calcium content of eggshells and embryos in the treated and control groups (P>0.05), but the calcium content of embryos increased significantly from day 6 to day 12 in both groups (P<0.05). However, the embryo weight and relative embryo weight in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group on the 9th and 12th day (P<0.05), but they were not consistent on day 6, day 15, and day 18 (P>0.05). The effect of higher CO2 on the embryo weight only occurred around the final stage of CO2 stimulation. The reason was that the liquefaction of protein by CO2 contributed greatly to promote the embryo absorption of nutrients from the protein, thereby accelerating embryonic development. But the effects just remained for a short term, until the CO2 level was lower. Furthermore, the albumen pH in the treatment group was lower than that in the control group, due mainly to the higher external CO2 level, particularly the significant differences on the 3rd, 6th, and 9th days. The overall change trend of protein pH value increased first and then decreased, finally reaching the peak on day 3. Consequently, 1% CO2 treatment during the early stage of incubation (0-10 d) lowered the protein pH, while accelerated the embryo development without affecting the hatchability and chick quality. |
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| Keywords: | carbon dioxide animals hatching embryonic development hatchability |
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