| 中国北方碱性农田土壤镉污染修复：现状与挑战 |
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| 引用本文： | 张力浩,白姣杰,田瑞云,王国昌,游来勇,梁家妮,慈凯东,刘梦丽,寇乐勇,周伶俐,吴大付.中国北方碱性农田土壤镉污染修复：现状与挑战[J].土壤学报,2024,61(2). |
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| 作者姓名： | 张力浩 白姣杰 田瑞云 王国昌 游来勇 梁家妮 慈凯东 刘梦丽 寇乐勇 周伶俐 吴大付 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室(南京土壤研究所）,河南科技学院资源与环境学院/河南省生物药肥研发与协同应用工程研究中心,中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室(南京土壤研究所）,河南科技学院资源与环境学院/河南省生物药肥研发与协同应用工程研究中心,中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室(南京土壤研究所）,中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室(南京土壤研究所）,中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室(南京土壤研究所）,中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室(南京土壤研究所）,中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室(南京土壤研究所）,中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室(南京土壤研究所）,河南科技学院资源与环境学院/河南省生物药肥研发与协同应用工程研究中心 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFD0800300）、江西省科技重大研发专项项目（20194ABC28010）和河南省重点研发与推广专项（232102320094）资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 中国土壤镉污染面积广、程度深，但针对于我国北方碱性农田土壤镉污染治理的理论研究及技术研发却较为薄弱。基于VOSviewer软件，分析了近20年来国内外关于碱性土壤镉防控领域的研究方向、主推技术与国际研究格局。在此基础上，系统梳理了碱性土壤中镉的转化过程及影响因素，结合原位化学钝化技术、植物修复和农艺调控措施，进一步总结了碱性土壤镉治理的科学与技术问题。我国碱性农田镉污染治理面临关注度不高、技术研发滞后以及转化困难、土壤-作物（小麦）镉吸收机制不清晰等诸多问题。因此，亟需提高碱性农田土壤镉污染防治的重视程度，研发、试点具有针对性的技术推广模式，构建土壤-作物（小麦）镉精准防控体系，以推动碱性土壤镉污染修复技术与理论的发展及粮食的安全生产。
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| 关 键 词： | 碱性农田土壤 文献计量学 镉 修复策略 小麦 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022/9/11 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2023/4/9 0:00:00 |
Cadmium Remediation Strategies in Alkaline Arable Soils in Northern China: Current Status and Challenges |
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| ZHANG Lihao,BAI Jiaojie,TIAN Ruiyun,WANG Guochang,YOU Laiyong,LIANG Jiani,CI Kaidong,LIU Mengli,KOU Leyong,ZHOU Lingli and WU Dafu.Cadmium Remediation Strategies in Alkaline Arable Soils in Northern China: Current Status and Challenges[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2024,61(2). |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Lihao BAI Jiaojie TIAN Ruiyun WANG Guochang YOU Laiyong LIANG Jiani CI Kaidong LIU Mengli KOU Leyong ZHOU Lingli and WU Dafu |
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| Institution: | State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences,College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Henan Institute of Science and Technology/Henan Engineering Research Center of Biological Pesticide & Fertilizer Development and Synergistic Application, Xinxiang,State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences,College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Henan Institute of Science and Technology/Henan Engineering Research Center of Biological Pesticide & Fertilizer Development and Synergistic Application, Xinxiang,State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences,State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences,State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences,State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences,State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences,State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences,College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Henan Institute of Science and Technology/Henan Engineering Research Center of Biological Pesticide & Fertilizer Development and Synergistic Application, Xinxiang |
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| Abstract: | Cadmium (Cd) pollution is dispersed over a wide area in farmland soils and seriously threatens the safety of agricultural produce and sustainable development of agriculture due to rapid industrialization and inadequate environmental protection in China. Compared to other toxic elements, Cd is highly carcinogenic and readily accumulates in edible portions of plants to levels that are toxic to humans. Traditional technologies of chemical remediation, physical remediation and phytoremediation have been widely applied to remediate Cd-polluted arable soil, especially in acid soil in some areas of southern China. However, little is known about the remediation technologies of Cd for alkaline arable soils. Alkaline soils are mainly distributed in North China. This area is an important hub for both the crop growing and animal breeding industries, and is suffering from severe Cd pollution as well. To ensure food safety, it is necessary to establish the technology and theory of Cd purification in alkaline soils. This paper reviews the domestic and foreign research trends of Cd remediation strategies, hot technologies, Cd geochemical cycle, and Cd transport and accumulation mechanisms in wheat grains, and analyzes the scientific and technological issues of Cd management and control in alkaline soils. The Web of Science core collection database (WOS) were employed to conduct a bibliometric analysis of the literature on remediation technologies of Cd in alkaline arable soils from 2000-2021 via VOSviewer software. The immobilization technology is popular to remediate Cd contamination in alkaline soils and the top three countries in the number of publications are China, the United States and Australia because of their abundant agricultural resources. Besides, soil acidification is the main reason for the increasing grain concentrations of Cd in alkaline arable soils. Meanwhile, lower soil Eh can increase Cd bioavailability by flooding in alkaline soils, suggesting that irrigation and drainage projects should be built in dry-land soil in North China. However, compared with acidic soil, the research on Cd remediation technology in alkaline arable soils is relatively weak. Currently, alkaline amendments such as clay minerals, biochar and lime are usually applied to lower Cd bioavailability in alkaline soils. However, it is difficult to inhibit the accumulation of Cd in crop grains by improving soil pH due to the large amount of carbonate in alkaline soils. Moreover, the excessive addition of alkaline amendments can destroy the soil structure, leading to soil hardening. Also, in phytoremediation, the high pH of alkaline soil will reduce the uptake of Cd by plant roots, resulting in low remediation efficiency and high cost. The accumulation of Cd in wheat grains is affected by both biotic and abiotic factors, and the complex molecular mechanism of its uptake and transport also limits the development of low-accumulation varieties. Thus, local governments should monitor the Cd concentration and it is imperative to explore and develop new technologies for inhibiting the transfer of Cd to food crops in alkaline soils. |
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| Keywords: | Alkaline arable soils Bibliometric analysis Cadmium Remediation strategies Wheat |
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