Augmentative releases of the predatory mite Kampimodromus aberrans in organic and conventional apple orchards |
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| Institution: | 1. Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi dell''Insubria, via J.H. Dunant 3, Varese 21100, Italy;2. Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Sezione di Biologia Vegetale, Università degli Studi di Urbino “Carlo Bo”, via Bramante 48, Urbino 61029, Italy;3. Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Sezione di Biochimica e Biologia Molecolare, Università degli Studi di Urbino “Carlo Bo”, via Saffi 2, Urbino 61029, Italy;1. Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaeng Saen, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand;2. Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo-Kuang Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan |
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| Abstract: | Experimental releases of the predatory mite Kampimodromus aberrans (Oudemans) were conducted in organic and conventional apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) orchards located in North-eastern Italy. Releases were made in 2010 and 2011 and observations were carried out from 2010 to 2012. The material used for releases was collected from a commercial vineyard where K. aberrans was the dominant phytoseiid species. The most frequent insecticides used in organic orchards were pyrethrins and spinosad, whereas neonicotinoids, organophosphates and insect growth regulators were mostly used in conventional orchards. K. aberrans population levels were significantly higher in release plots as compared to control plots and K. aberrans populations were higher in organic compared to conventional orchards. In 2010, no effects of K. aberrans release and orchard management were observed on populations of the native predatory mite Amblyseius andersoni (Chant). However, in 2011 A. andersoni population densities were lower in release than in control plots. In conventional orchards, K. aberrans released in 2010 and 2011 did not establish probably because of a series of non-selective insecticide and fungicide treatments. In one experimental site, releases were evaluated in two organic orchards, one of Florina cv. and the other of Golden Delicious cv., managed with the same cropping systems. On Florina, K. aberrans population appeared to be larger than on Golden Delicious suggesting a potential role of leaf morphology in predatory mite colonization. On Golden Delicious, A. andersoni population densities were lower in release than in control plots. Implications for mite management in organic and conventional orchards are discussed. |
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| Keywords: | Integrated pest management Phytoseiidae Biological control Apple Augmentative releases |
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