| 草原戈壁短尾羊的起源及选育进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 何小龙,金海,刘永斌,荣威恒.草原戈壁短尾羊的起源及选育进展[J].畜牧与饲料科学,2018,39(7):49-49. |
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| 作者姓名： | 何小龙 金海 刘永斌 荣威恒 |
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| 作者单位： | [1]内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010031 |
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| 基金项目： | 内蒙古农牧业科学院创新基金(2018CXJJM02);国家自然科学基金项目(31760658);国家肉羊产业技术体系(CARS-38);科技部家养动物种质资源平台。 |
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| 摘 要： | 草原戈壁短尾羊属于蒙古羊系的一个优良类群,主要分布于内蒙古包头市达茂旗、乌兰察布市四子王旗、巴彦淖尔市乌拉特中旗以及乌拉特前旗北部牧区的荒漠草原地带,其典型特征为尾部短小并显著小于苏尼特羊。首先就我国脂尾羊的分类及形成做一论述,通过分析指出我国现存的脂尾羊育成于唐朝时期,主要由通过丝绸之路从中亚引入的脂尾羊、迁移南下的蒙古羊与本地古羌羊杂交选育而成;其次对草原戈壁短尾羊的起源做一探究,并指出其形成历史久远,特别是与四子、乌拉特、茂明安三部的民族迁移密切相关;最后对草原戈壁短尾羊选育进展及前景做一展望,指出今后在传统选育的基础上,充分结合利用先进分子标记辅助选择技术和基因组学技术,加快遗传进展,提高草原戈壁短尾羊尾型的整体度,进而增加养殖效益。
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The Origin and Breeding Progress of Steppe Gobi Short-tailed Sheep |
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| Abstract: | The Steppe gobi short-tailed sheep belongs to a fine group of Mongolian sheep which are mainly distributed in the northern pastoral desert steppe areas of Darhan Muminggan Joint Banner of Baotou,Siziwang Banner of Ulanqab,Urad Middle Banner of Bayannur City,and desert steppe region of northern pastoral area of Urad Front Banner.Its typical characteristics are short tail and significantly smaller than that of the Sunit sheep.Firstly,the classification and formation of the fat tail sheep in China were discussed,and the origin of fat tail sheep was explored.It is pointed out that the existing fat tail sheep were bred in the Tang Dynasty and were hybridized by fat tail sheep introduced from Central Asia through the Silk Road,southward migrated Mongolian sheep and local ancient Qiang sheep;secondly,the origin and history formation of Steppe gobi short-tailed sheep were explored.We found that their history was closely related to the migration of Sizi,Urad,and Darhan Muminggan nations;finally,the prospects for the breeding of Steppe gobi short-tailed sheep were described.We pointed out that on the basis of traditional breeding,the advanced molecular marker assisted selection and genomics technology should be used to accelerate the genetic progress,to improve the overall degree of the tail type of the Steppe gobi short-tailed sheep,and to increase the breeding benefit. |
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