| 人工诱导的同源四倍体西瓜种子形态结构变异研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 路绪强,朱红菊,赵胜杰,何楠,刘文革.人工诱导的同源四倍体西瓜种子形态结构变异研究[J].核农学报,2017,31(6). |
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| 作者姓名： | 路绪强 朱红菊 赵胜杰 何楠 刘文革 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所/国家瓜果改良中心,河南郑州,450009 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金面上项目，中国农业科学院科技创新工程专项经费项目，现代产业产业技术体系建设专项 |
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| 摘 要： | 四倍体西瓜作为三倍体无籽西瓜的母本,其性状对三倍体西瓜组合选配起着重要作用,其中四倍体西瓜种子性状对三倍体西瓜品种的种子发芽率、成苗率、采种量起关键作用。为研究四倍体西瓜种子的性状变异,以41组秋水仙素诱导的T6同源四倍体西瓜为试验材料,以其诱导前的同源二倍体为对照,比较加倍后四倍体西瓜种子发芽率、单瓜种子数、百粒重和形态结构变异。结果表明,秋水仙素诱导加倍后,四倍体种子发芽率、单瓜种子数均低于其同源二倍体,但种子长度、宽度、厚度、喙宽、种皮厚度和百粒重均大于其二倍体。四倍体西瓜的单瓜种子数与其二倍体西瓜的种子数极显著相关,二倍体和四倍体西瓜的百粒重与其本身的长度和宽度极显著相关,四倍体西瓜种子种皮厚度与多个性状都显著相关,但四倍体种子的发芽率除与其种子的喙宽显著相关外,与其他性状都无显著相关性。本研究通过比较人工诱导的同源四倍体与其原始二倍体西瓜种子的差异,为诱导四倍体的选择及多倍体西瓜育种提供了一定的理论依据。
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| 关 键 词： | 人工诱导 二倍体 同源四倍体 西瓜 种子 |
Variation of the Induced Autotetraploid Watermelon Seeds |
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| LU Xuqiang,ZHU Hongju,ZHAO Shengjie,HE Nan,LIU Wenge.Variation of the Induced Autotetraploid Watermelon Seeds[J].Acta Agriculturae Nucleatae Sinica,2017,31(6). |
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| Authors: | LU Xuqiang ZHU Hongju ZHAO Shengjie HE Nan LIU Wenge |
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| Abstract: | Tetraploid watermelon plays an important role in triploid seedless watermelon breeding as the female parent,especially the seed traits of tetraploid watermelon effect the seed germination rate,seedling rate and seed amount of triploid watermelon varieties.In order to research the traits of tetraploid watermelon seeds,lines of 41 T6 autotetraploid seeds induced by colchicine were used in this research,the original diploid was used as the control,the germination rate,single fruit seeds,hundred-grain weight and morphological structure difference were compared.The result showed that the germination rate of tetraploid watermelon seeds were lower and the single fruit seeds is fewer than their original diploid,the tetraploid watermelon seeds had bigger hundred-grain weight,length,width,thickness and width of beak.The number of seeds in single tetraploid watermelon was significantly correlated with that of the original diploid watermelon.And the hundred grain weight,related significantly with the length and width neither for the diploid nor the tetraploid watermelon,the seed shell thickness of tetraploid watermelon has significant correlation with multiple characters,the seed germination rate of tetraploid watermelon correlated only with beaks wide and had no correlation to any characters.Through the comparisons between the characteristics of tetraploid seeds and diploid seeds,a certain theoretical basis would be provided for tetraploid watermelon breeding. |
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| Keywords: | artificial induction diploid autotetraploid watermelon seed |
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