| 采用探地雷达频谱分析的复垦土壤含水率反演 |
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| 引用本文： | 程琦,叶回春,董祥林,崔红标,易齐涛,徐云飞,孙立颖,张世文.采用探地雷达频谱分析的复垦土壤含水率反演[J].农业工程学报,2021,37(6):108-116. |
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| 作者姓名： | 程琦 叶回春 董祥林 崔红标 易齐涛 徐云飞 孙立颖 张世文 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.安徽理工大学空间信息与测绘工程学院，淮南 232001;2.中国科学院空天信息创新研究院，北京 100094;3.淮北矿业（集团）有限公司，淮北 235001;4.安徽理工大学地球与环境学院，淮南 232001;5.烟台大学土木工程学院，烟台 264010 |
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| 基金项目： | 安徽省自然资源科技项目（2020-K-8）；国家重点研发计划项目（2020YFC1908601）；淮北矿业集团科技研发项目（No.2020-113）；安徽理工大学研究生创新基金（2020CX2094） |
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| 摘 要： | 快速、准确、无损获取采煤塌陷区复垦土壤含水率分布情况是实现精准灌溉的基础和关键。该研究以安徽省淮北市某塌陷复垦区土壤为研究对象,借助探地雷达系统对试验区土壤进行探测,并对周围未复垦区域设置对照组,通过线性调频Z变换频域细化法(Chirp-Z-Transform,CZT)寻找特征频率,结合瑞利散射原理分析不同土壤体积含水率(Volumetric Water Content,VWC)下雷达信号特征频谱响应关系,并分别采用不同回归方法建立了VWC反演模型。结果表明:频谱峰值频率分量(FrequencyofPeak,FP)与复垦土壤VWC具有很强的相关性;基于CZT算法可以在不改变原有频谱的基础上,有效的寻找到特征频率,FP与VWC的相关系数较快速傅里叶变换(Fast Fourier Transform,FFT)从0.77提高到0.93;对比复垦与非复垦区域雷达信号频谱发现,复垦区频谱信号较非复垦区"漂移"现象明显,采用不同回归方法所建立的模型中,指数回归模型精度最高,验证集R2达到0.84,RMSE达到1.97%,表明采用频谱分析方法可以有效地反演复垦土壤VWC,研究结果以期为复垦土壤质量快速监测以及复垦区农业精准灌溉提供理论依据与技术支撑。
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| 关 键 词： | 土壤 含水率 探地雷达 土地复垦 频谱分析 CZT |
| 收稿时间： | 2020/12/23 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2021/3/10 0:00:00 |
Inversion of reclaimed soil moisture based on spectrum analysis of ground penetrating radar |
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| Cheng Qi,Ye Huichun,Dong Xianglin,Cui Hongbiao,Yi Qitao,Xu Yunfei,Sun Liying,Zhang Shiwen.Inversion of reclaimed soil moisture based on spectrum analysis of ground penetrating radar[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2021,37(6):108-116. |
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| Authors: | Cheng Qi Ye Huichun Dong Xianglin Cui Hongbiao Yi Qitao Xu Yunfei Sun Liying Zhang Shiwen |
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| Institution: | 1.School of Spatial Informatics and Geomatics Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China;2. Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China;3. Huaibei Mining (Group) Co. Ltd, Huaibei 235001, China;4. School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China;5.School of Civil Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264010, China |
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| Abstract: | Abstract: Precise irrigation has been a highly urgent need to realize a quick, accurate, and non-destructive acquisition for the distribution of moisture content in reclaimed soil, particularly in coal mining subsidence areas. Consequently, traditional measurement can be replaced with Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR), a new type of near-earth microwave remote sensing with large-scale continuous detection, fast, non-destructive, and low-cost. GPR has also been widely used in the detection of water content in soil. However, GPR is rarely used in the detection of water content in reclaimed soil, due to the complex composition of reclaimed soil and the fast attenuation of electromagnetic waves in cohesive soil. Fortunately, spectrum analysis can convert the radar data (signal change) from the time domain to the frequency domain. Energy distribution of signal frequency can be used to alleviate a large wave speed error under different media. In this study, the soil of a subsided reclamation area in Huaibei City, Anhui Province of China was taken as the research object. A control group was set up in the surrounding normal areas. The Chirp-Z-transform (CZT) was used to find the characteristic frequency. Rayleigh scattering was selected to analyze the characteristic spectrum response of radar signals under volumetric water content in soil. Various regressions were used to establish inversion models of water cut. The results showed that the frequency of peak (FP) using the Rayleigh scattering had an excellent correlation with the volumetric water content of reclaimed soil, where the correlation coefficient reached 0.90, indicating that the radar signal FP was feasible to invert the soil volumetric water content of the reclaimed area. Moreover, the CZT effectively identified the characteristic frequency in a higher resolution without changing the original frequency spectrum. The correlation coefficient between FP and soil moisture content was improved from 0.77 to 0.93, compared with the fast Fourier transform (FFT). In addition, the spectrum of radar signal in the reclaimed area demonstrated a greater drift than that in the non-reclaimed area under the same change of water content. The bulk density was also one of the factors that affect the radar signal. The highest accuracy was achieved in the exponential regression, where the verification precisions were R2=0.84, and RMSE=1.97%, showing that the frequency spectrum analysis was an effective way to invert the moisture content of cultivated soil. When large construction equipment was used to compact the reconstructed soil, there will be a larger influence on the distribution of soil moisture content and the fertility of reclaimed soil. The findings can provide an insightful theoretical basis and technical support for rapidly monitoring the soil quality and precision irrigation in reclaimed areas. |
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| Keywords: | soils water content GPR land reclamation spectrum analysis CZT |
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